Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors
Invisible health monitoring is currently a topic of global interest within the scientific community. Sensorization of everyday objects can provide valuable health information without requiring any changes in people’s routines. In this work, a feasibility study of photoplethysmography (PPG) acquisiti...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/305 |
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| author | Joana Simões Regina Oliveira Florinda M. Costa António Teixeira Cátia Leitão Pedro Correia Ana Luísa M. Silva |
| author_facet | Joana Simões Regina Oliveira Florinda M. Costa António Teixeira Cátia Leitão Pedro Correia Ana Luísa M. Silva |
| author_sort | Joana Simões |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Invisible health monitoring is currently a topic of global interest within the scientific community. Sensorization of everyday objects can provide valuable health information without requiring any changes in people’s routines. In this work, a feasibility study of photoplethysmography (PPG) acquisition in the lower limbs for continuous and real-time monitoring of the vital signs, including heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), is presented. The proposed system uses two MAX30102 sensors to obtain PPG signals from the back of the thigh. As proof of concept, tests were conducted in 17 volunteers (age group between 22 and 40 years old, twelve females and five males), and the results were compared to those of reference sensors. A Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.92 and r = 0.77 and a mean difference of 1.2 bpm and 0.9 rpm for HR and RR, respectively, were obtained between the developed system and reference. System accuracies of 95.9% for HR and 91.3% for RR were achieved, showing the system viability for vital sign monitoring of the lower limbs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae067864cd5342a1a79d154b6759f5d9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae067864cd5342a1a79d154b6759f5d92025-01-24T13:48:26ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125230510.3390/s25020305Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical SensorsJoana Simões0Regina Oliveira1Florinda M. Costa2António Teixeira3Cátia Leitão4Pedro Correia5Ana Luísa M. Silva6Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalInstitute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Electronics Telecommunications & Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalInvisible health monitoring is currently a topic of global interest within the scientific community. Sensorization of everyday objects can provide valuable health information without requiring any changes in people’s routines. In this work, a feasibility study of photoplethysmography (PPG) acquisition in the lower limbs for continuous and real-time monitoring of the vital signs, including heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), is presented. The proposed system uses two MAX30102 sensors to obtain PPG signals from the back of the thigh. As proof of concept, tests were conducted in 17 volunteers (age group between 22 and 40 years old, twelve females and five males), and the results were compared to those of reference sensors. A Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.92 and r = 0.77 and a mean difference of 1.2 bpm and 0.9 rpm for HR and RR, respectively, were obtained between the developed system and reference. System accuracies of 95.9% for HR and 91.3% for RR were achieved, showing the system viability for vital sign monitoring of the lower limbs.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/305invisible health monitoringheart raterespiratory rateoptical sensorphotoplethysmographylower limbs |
| spellingShingle | Joana Simões Regina Oliveira Florinda M. Costa António Teixeira Cátia Leitão Pedro Correia Ana Luísa M. Silva Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors Sensors invisible health monitoring heart rate respiratory rate optical sensor photoplethysmography lower limbs |
| title | Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors |
| title_full | Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors |
| title_fullStr | Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors |
| title_short | Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors |
| title_sort | non intrusive monitoring of vital signs in the lower limbs using optical sensors |
| topic | invisible health monitoring heart rate respiratory rate optical sensor photoplethysmography lower limbs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/305 |
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