Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLO
IntroductionExtracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) devices have been used to effectively treat a wide variety of musculoskeletal conditions in veterinary medicine. However, several factors have limited ESWT device adoption, including that they are commonly loud, uncomfortable, and application typic...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1600116/full |
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| author | Shannon L. Campbell Ashley L. Franklin Samuel P. Franklin |
| author_facet | Shannon L. Campbell Ashley L. Franklin Samuel P. Franklin |
| author_sort | Shannon L. Campbell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionExtracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) devices have been used to effectively treat a wide variety of musculoskeletal conditions in veterinary medicine. However, several factors have limited ESWT device adoption, including that they are commonly loud, uncomfortable, and application typically requires sedation or anesthesia. A novel piezoelectric ESWT device has been developed which is lightweight, quiet, and does not require sedation for application. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of this novel device in clinical application.Materials and methodsThis was a prospective blinded trial in which dogs were randomly allocated to receive three ESWT treatments, or three sham treatments, immediately following and at 2 and 4 weeks post tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). The primary outcome measure was clinical function at 4 and 8 weeks post-operatively based on objective gait analysis. Secondary outcome measures included owner subjective assessments (Canine Brief Pain Inventory and Liverpool Osteoarthritis for Dogs questionnaires) at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-operatively and radiographic assessment of patella tendon thickness and osteotomy healing at 8 weeks post-operatively.ResultsAll dogs completed all ESWT treatments without the need for sedation and no adverse events associated with ESWT use were observed or reported. Dogs in the ESWT group bore significantly more weight at a trot at 4 weeks post-operatively in comparison to dogs in the sham treatment group. There were no statistically significant differences between groups based on owner subjective assessments or radiographic assessments.DiscussionThe study demonstrated that the device was safe and that treatments could be completed without the need for sedation. Subjective owner assessment and radiographic bone healing were not significantly improved with treatment. However, the primary outcome measure, objective gait analysis using a pressure sensitive walkway, showed that dogs in the treatment group bore significantly more weight 4 weeks post-operatively at a trot in comparison to sham-treated dogs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ad6f3743bd874567a913e85212258289 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-ad6f3743bd874567a913e852122582892025-08-20T03:31:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-07-011210.3389/fvets.2025.16001161600116Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLOShannon L. CampbellAshley L. FranklinSamuel P. FranklinIntroductionExtracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) devices have been used to effectively treat a wide variety of musculoskeletal conditions in veterinary medicine. However, several factors have limited ESWT device adoption, including that they are commonly loud, uncomfortable, and application typically requires sedation or anesthesia. A novel piezoelectric ESWT device has been developed which is lightweight, quiet, and does not require sedation for application. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of this novel device in clinical application.Materials and methodsThis was a prospective blinded trial in which dogs were randomly allocated to receive three ESWT treatments, or three sham treatments, immediately following and at 2 and 4 weeks post tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). The primary outcome measure was clinical function at 4 and 8 weeks post-operatively based on objective gait analysis. Secondary outcome measures included owner subjective assessments (Canine Brief Pain Inventory and Liverpool Osteoarthritis for Dogs questionnaires) at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-operatively and radiographic assessment of patella tendon thickness and osteotomy healing at 8 weeks post-operatively.ResultsAll dogs completed all ESWT treatments without the need for sedation and no adverse events associated with ESWT use were observed or reported. Dogs in the ESWT group bore significantly more weight at a trot at 4 weeks post-operatively in comparison to dogs in the sham treatment group. There were no statistically significant differences between groups based on owner subjective assessments or radiographic assessments.DiscussionThe study demonstrated that the device was safe and that treatments could be completed without the need for sedation. Subjective owner assessment and radiographic bone healing were not significantly improved with treatment. However, the primary outcome measure, objective gait analysis using a pressure sensitive walkway, showed that dogs in the treatment group bore significantly more weight 4 weeks post-operatively at a trot in comparison to sham-treated dogs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1600116/fullcanine (dog)cranial cruciate ligament (CCL)objective gait analysisextracorporeal shockwaveTPLO |
| spellingShingle | Shannon L. Campbell Ashley L. Franklin Samuel P. Franklin Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLO Frontiers in Veterinary Science canine (dog) cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) objective gait analysis extracorporeal shockwave TPLO |
| title | Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLO |
| title_full | Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLO |
| title_fullStr | Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLO |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLO |
| title_short | Blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following TPLO |
| title_sort | blinded randomized sham controlled clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a novel piezoelectric extracorporeal shockwave device following tplo |
| topic | canine (dog) cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) objective gait analysis extracorporeal shockwave TPLO |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1600116/full |
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