Deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre study

Abstract Early identification of cerebral small vessel disease related cognitive impairment (CSVD-CI) is crucial for timely clinical intervention. We developed a Transformer-based deep learning model using white matter hyperintensity (WMH) radiomics features from T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recove...

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Main Authors: Lili Huang, Zhuoyuan Li, Xiaolei Zhu, Hui Zhao, Chenglu Mao, Zhihong Ke, Yuting Mo, Dan Yang, Yue Cheng, Ruomeng Qin, Zheqi Hu, Pengfei Shao, Ying Chen, Min Lou, Kelei He, Yun Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:npj Digital Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01813-w
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author Lili Huang
Zhuoyuan Li
Xiaolei Zhu
Hui Zhao
Chenglu Mao
Zhihong Ke
Yuting Mo
Dan Yang
Yue Cheng
Ruomeng Qin
Zheqi Hu
Pengfei Shao
Ying Chen
Min Lou
Kelei He
Yun Xu
author_facet Lili Huang
Zhuoyuan Li
Xiaolei Zhu
Hui Zhao
Chenglu Mao
Zhihong Ke
Yuting Mo
Dan Yang
Yue Cheng
Ruomeng Qin
Zheqi Hu
Pengfei Shao
Ying Chen
Min Lou
Kelei He
Yun Xu
author_sort Lili Huang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Early identification of cerebral small vessel disease related cognitive impairment (CSVD-CI) is crucial for timely clinical intervention. We developed a Transformer-based deep learning model using white matter hyperintensity (WMH) radiomics features from T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images to detect CSVD-CI. A total of 783 subjects (161 longitudinally followed) were enrolled from three centres for model development and external validation, using a domain adaptation strategy. The model achieved AUCs of 0.841 (training) and 0.859/0.749 (validation cohorts), outperforming conventional machine learning models. The gradient-weighted class activation mapping approach highlighted WMH textural features, particularly the logarithm-transformed gray level size zone matrix features, as key contributors. These features were significantly correlated with CSVD macro- and microstructural changes, mediated age-cognition relationships and predicted longitudinal cognitive decline. Our findings indicate that WMH radiomics features, reflecting CI-related biological changes in CSVD, combined with a Transformer-based deep learning model, constitute a feasible, automated, and non-invasive tool for CSVD-CI detection.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2398-6352
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
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series npj Digital Medicine
spelling doaj-art-acf1bd5562d94e35a4e9e308941c272b2025-08-20T03:46:29ZengNature Portfolionpj Digital Medicine2398-63522025-07-018111310.1038/s41746-025-01813-wDeep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre studyLili Huang0Zhuoyuan Li1Xiaolei Zhu2Hui Zhao3Chenglu Mao4Zhihong Ke5Yuting Mo6Dan Yang7Yue Cheng8Ruomeng Qin9Zheqi Hu10Pengfei Shao11Ying Chen12Min Lou13Kelei He14Yun Xu15Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityMedical School of Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityAbstract Early identification of cerebral small vessel disease related cognitive impairment (CSVD-CI) is crucial for timely clinical intervention. We developed a Transformer-based deep learning model using white matter hyperintensity (WMH) radiomics features from T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images to detect CSVD-CI. A total of 783 subjects (161 longitudinally followed) were enrolled from three centres for model development and external validation, using a domain adaptation strategy. The model achieved AUCs of 0.841 (training) and 0.859/0.749 (validation cohorts), outperforming conventional machine learning models. The gradient-weighted class activation mapping approach highlighted WMH textural features, particularly the logarithm-transformed gray level size zone matrix features, as key contributors. These features were significantly correlated with CSVD macro- and microstructural changes, mediated age-cognition relationships and predicted longitudinal cognitive decline. Our findings indicate that WMH radiomics features, reflecting CI-related biological changes in CSVD, combined with a Transformer-based deep learning model, constitute a feasible, automated, and non-invasive tool for CSVD-CI detection.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01813-w
spellingShingle Lili Huang
Zhuoyuan Li
Xiaolei Zhu
Hui Zhao
Chenglu Mao
Zhihong Ke
Yuting Mo
Dan Yang
Yue Cheng
Ruomeng Qin
Zheqi Hu
Pengfei Shao
Ying Chen
Min Lou
Kelei He
Yun Xu
Deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre study
npj Digital Medicine
title Deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre study
title_full Deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre study
title_fullStr Deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre study
title_full_unstemmed Deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre study
title_short Deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses CSVD-related cognitive decline using radiomics from T2-FLAIR: a multi-centre study
title_sort deep adaptive learning predicts and diagnoses csvd related cognitive decline using radiomics from t2 flair a multi centre study
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01813-w
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