Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection Pathogens
Periprosthetic joint infections occur in 1–2% of all patients undergoing prosthetic joint surgeries. Although strong efforts have been made to reduce infection rates, conventional therapies like one- or two-stage revisions have failed to lower the infection rates. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has s...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| author | Christopher Spiegel Débora C. Coraça-Huber Michael Nogler Rohit Arora David Putzer |
| author_facet | Christopher Spiegel Débora C. Coraça-Huber Michael Nogler Rohit Arora David Putzer |
| author_sort | Christopher Spiegel |
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| description | Periprosthetic joint infections occur in 1–2% of all patients undergoing prosthetic joint surgeries. Although strong efforts have been made to reduce infection rates, conventional therapies like one- or two-stage revisions have failed to lower the infection rates. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has shown promising results in reducing bacterial loads on surfaces. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ability of CAP to reduce the bacterial load on metal surfaces with varying distances and different plasma compositions below a temperature suitable for in vivo applications. Methods: Biofilm was formed with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 29213 and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> ATCC 12228 cultures on TMZF discs. Plasma treatments using air plasma and argon plasma were conducted on discs containing the established biofilm while the temperature was measured. During the experiments, the duration and the distance of plasma application varied. Afterwards, colony-forming units were counted. Results: The results of this study showed that air and argon plasma could be considered for applications during surgeries at a 1 cm distance. While air plasma showed the highest efficiency in CFU reduction, the temperature generation due to the presence of oxygen poses a limitation concerning the duration of application. The use of argon as a plasma generator does not show the temperature limitation in correlation to exposure time. The use of air plasma with a distance of 1 cm to the application site and an exposure time of 5 s showed the most effective bacterial reduction while not exceeding tissue-damaging temperatures. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-ac927346adbf4bd2952a15bc460944bf2025-01-24T13:44:35ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172024-12-011411010.3390/pathogens14010010Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection PathogensChristopher Spiegel0Débora C. Coraça-Huber1Michael Nogler2Rohit Arora3David Putzer4Research Laboratory for Biofilms and Implant Associated Infections (BIOFILM LAB), Experimental Orthopaedics, University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaResearch Laboratory for Biofilms and Implant Associated Infections (BIOFILM LAB), Experimental Orthopaedics, University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaPeriprosthetic joint infections occur in 1–2% of all patients undergoing prosthetic joint surgeries. Although strong efforts have been made to reduce infection rates, conventional therapies like one- or two-stage revisions have failed to lower the infection rates. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has shown promising results in reducing bacterial loads on surfaces. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ability of CAP to reduce the bacterial load on metal surfaces with varying distances and different plasma compositions below a temperature suitable for in vivo applications. Methods: Biofilm was formed with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 29213 and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> ATCC 12228 cultures on TMZF discs. Plasma treatments using air plasma and argon plasma were conducted on discs containing the established biofilm while the temperature was measured. During the experiments, the duration and the distance of plasma application varied. Afterwards, colony-forming units were counted. Results: The results of this study showed that air and argon plasma could be considered for applications during surgeries at a 1 cm distance. While air plasma showed the highest efficiency in CFU reduction, the temperature generation due to the presence of oxygen poses a limitation concerning the duration of application. The use of argon as a plasma generator does not show the temperature limitation in correlation to exposure time. The use of air plasma with a distance of 1 cm to the application site and an exposure time of 5 s showed the most effective bacterial reduction while not exceeding tissue-damaging temperatures.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/10cold atmospheric plasmabiofilmprosthetic joint infectionstaphylococciorthopedics |
| spellingShingle | Christopher Spiegel Débora C. Coraça-Huber Michael Nogler Rohit Arora David Putzer Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection Pathogens Pathogens cold atmospheric plasma biofilm prosthetic joint infection staphylococci orthopedics |
| title | Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection Pathogens |
| title_full | Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection Pathogens |
| title_short | Cold Plasma Activity Against Biofilm Formation of Prosthetic Joint Infection Pathogens |
| title_sort | cold plasma activity against biofilm formation of prosthetic joint infection pathogens |
| topic | cold atmospheric plasma biofilm prosthetic joint infection staphylococci orthopedics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/10 |
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