A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile Actuators
Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), an inherently electrically conductive or conjugated polymer (CP), exhibits the potential to play a significant role in the development of innovative fiber materials for use in smart textiles, such as wearables. Furthermore, these fibers can function as artif...
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Advanced Intelligent Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400315 |
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| author | Mathis Bruns Shayan Mehraeen Jose G. Martinez Johannes Mersch Iris Kruppke Edwin W. H. Jager Chokri Cherif |
| author_facet | Mathis Bruns Shayan Mehraeen Jose G. Martinez Johannes Mersch Iris Kruppke Edwin W. H. Jager Chokri Cherif |
| author_sort | Mathis Bruns |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), an inherently electrically conductive or conjugated polymer (CP), exhibits the potential to play a significant role in the development of innovative fiber materials for use in smart textiles, such as wearables. Furthermore, these fibers can function as artificial muscles in the emerging field of interactive fiber rubber composites. This study introduces a straightforward and efficient method for creating PEDOT‐based, biomimetic, fiber‐shaped, linearly contracting ionic electroactive polymer actuators. To achieve this, a wet‐spinning technique is presented, which enables a continuous production of PEDOT:polystyrene sulfate (PSS) fibers at high production rates of 34 m h−1, an additional fiber washing step and a sulfuric acid posttreatment step to increase the fibers conductivity. The fibers provide a high conductivity of 1028 S cm−1, maximum tensile strength reaching 182 MPa, and a maximum elongation of 24%. When utilized as CP actuators in an aqueous sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate electrolyte medium, the fibers demonstrate a repeatable maximum isometric contractile force of 1.64 mN and repeatable linear contractile strain up to 0.56%. Furthermore, a high level of cyclic long‐term actuation stability can be demonstrated. Notably, these contractile strains are, to the best of knowledge, the highest reported values for pristine PEDOT:PSS fibers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-abe6176361024f6f85bbb09f9600815d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2640-4567 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Intelligent Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-abe6176361024f6f85bbb09f9600815d2025-01-21T07:26:27ZengWileyAdvanced Intelligent Systems2640-45672025-01-0171n/an/a10.1002/aisy.202400315A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile ActuatorsMathis Bruns0Shayan Mehraeen1Jose G. Martinez2Johannes Mersch3Iris Kruppke4Edwin W. H. Jager5Chokri Cherif6Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology TUD Dresden University of Technology 01062 Dresden GermanySensor and Actuator Systems Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 581 83 Linköping SwedenSensor and Actuator Systems Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 581 83 Linköping SwedenInstitute of Measurement Technology Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 4040 Linz AustriaInstitute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology TUD Dresden University of Technology 01062 Dresden GermanySensor and Actuator Systems Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University 581 83 Linköping SwedenInstitute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology TUD Dresden University of Technology 01062 Dresden GermanyPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), an inherently electrically conductive or conjugated polymer (CP), exhibits the potential to play a significant role in the development of innovative fiber materials for use in smart textiles, such as wearables. Furthermore, these fibers can function as artificial muscles in the emerging field of interactive fiber rubber composites. This study introduces a straightforward and efficient method for creating PEDOT‐based, biomimetic, fiber‐shaped, linearly contracting ionic electroactive polymer actuators. To achieve this, a wet‐spinning technique is presented, which enables a continuous production of PEDOT:polystyrene sulfate (PSS) fibers at high production rates of 34 m h−1, an additional fiber washing step and a sulfuric acid posttreatment step to increase the fibers conductivity. The fibers provide a high conductivity of 1028 S cm−1, maximum tensile strength reaching 182 MPa, and a maximum elongation of 24%. When utilized as CP actuators in an aqueous sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate electrolyte medium, the fibers demonstrate a repeatable maximum isometric contractile force of 1.64 mN and repeatable linear contractile strain up to 0.56%. Furthermore, a high level of cyclic long‐term actuation stability can be demonstrated. Notably, these contractile strains are, to the best of knowledge, the highest reported values for pristine PEDOT:PSS fibers.https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400315actuatorsartificial musclesbiomimeticionic electroactive polymer actuatorssmart textileswearables |
| spellingShingle | Mathis Bruns Shayan Mehraeen Jose G. Martinez Johannes Mersch Iris Kruppke Edwin W. H. Jager Chokri Cherif A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile Actuators Advanced Intelligent Systems actuators artificial muscles biomimetic ionic electroactive polymer actuators smart textiles wearables |
| title | A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile Actuators |
| title_full | A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile Actuators |
| title_fullStr | A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile Actuators |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile Actuators |
| title_short | A Straightforward Approach of Wet‐Spinning Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfate Fibers for Use in All Conducting Polymer‐Based Textile Actuators |
| title_sort | straightforward approach of wet spinning poly 3 4 ethylenedioxythiophene polystyrene sulfate fibers for use in all conducting polymer based textile actuators |
| topic | actuators artificial muscles biomimetic ionic electroactive polymer actuators smart textiles wearables |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400315 |
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