In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal Dystrophies
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> In this study, we aim to evaluate in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings of corneal stromal dystrophies (CSDs) including granular, macular and lattice corneal dystrophy that can be used for differential diagnosis and monitoring recurrences after surgica...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/2/182 |
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| author | Süleyman Okudan Emine Tınkır Kayıtmazbatır Ayşe Bozkurt Oflaz Banu Bozkurt |
| author_facet | Süleyman Okudan Emine Tınkır Kayıtmazbatır Ayşe Bozkurt Oflaz Banu Bozkurt |
| author_sort | Süleyman Okudan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives:</b> In this study, we aim to evaluate in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings of corneal stromal dystrophies (CSDs) including granular, macular and lattice corneal dystrophy that can be used for differential diagnosis and monitoring recurrences after surgical interventions. <b>Methods</b>: Patients diagnosed with CSD who were followed-up in the cornea and ocular surface unit were included in this study. IVCM was performed using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3, Rostock Cornea Module (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging was performed using the Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). The morphological structure, size and location of deposits, epithelial involvement and presence of inflammatory and dentritic cells were compared among the three stromal dystrophies. <b>Results</b>: A total of 72 eyes from 36 participants were included in this study. Twelve patients (33.33%) had granular corneal dystrophy (GCD), ten (27.77%) had macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) and fourteen (38.88%) had lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD). In GCD, highly reflective deposits varying in size (20 µm–300 µm) were observed. In MCD, diffuse hyperreflective stroma with dark striae, dentritic cells around deposits and abnormal keratocytes were observed. In LCD, there were branching, lattice-like and granular deposits with epithelial cell disruption in some of the eyes. In MCD, the central corneal thickness was thinner (449.44 ± 65.45 µm) compared to GCD and LCD (565.16 ± 49.62 µm and 569.91 ± 39.32 µm <i>p</i> < 0.001). Recurrence was observed in five patients following penetrating keratoplasty. <b>Conclusions</b>: IVCM is a valuable tool for distinguishing CSD subtypes and monitoring recurrence following surgical interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-abc43de196114cf4b5ede5e5c5d87bda |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj-art-abc43de196114cf4b5ede5e5c5d87bda2025-01-24T13:29:01ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-01-0115218210.3390/diagnostics15020182In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal DystrophiesSüleyman Okudan0Emine Tınkır Kayıtmazbatır1Ayşe Bozkurt Oflaz2Banu Bozkurt3Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, TürkiyeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, TürkiyeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, TürkiyeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Türkiye<b>Background/Objectives:</b> In this study, we aim to evaluate in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings of corneal stromal dystrophies (CSDs) including granular, macular and lattice corneal dystrophy that can be used for differential diagnosis and monitoring recurrences after surgical interventions. <b>Methods</b>: Patients diagnosed with CSD who were followed-up in the cornea and ocular surface unit were included in this study. IVCM was performed using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3, Rostock Cornea Module (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging was performed using the Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). The morphological structure, size and location of deposits, epithelial involvement and presence of inflammatory and dentritic cells were compared among the three stromal dystrophies. <b>Results</b>: A total of 72 eyes from 36 participants were included in this study. Twelve patients (33.33%) had granular corneal dystrophy (GCD), ten (27.77%) had macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) and fourteen (38.88%) had lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD). In GCD, highly reflective deposits varying in size (20 µm–300 µm) were observed. In MCD, diffuse hyperreflective stroma with dark striae, dentritic cells around deposits and abnormal keratocytes were observed. In LCD, there were branching, lattice-like and granular deposits with epithelial cell disruption in some of the eyes. In MCD, the central corneal thickness was thinner (449.44 ± 65.45 µm) compared to GCD and LCD (565.16 ± 49.62 µm and 569.91 ± 39.32 µm <i>p</i> < 0.001). Recurrence was observed in five patients following penetrating keratoplasty. <b>Conclusions</b>: IVCM is a valuable tool for distinguishing CSD subtypes and monitoring recurrence following surgical interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/2/182corneal stromal dystrophiesgranular corneal dystrophymacular corneal dystrophylattice corneal dystrophyin vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) |
| spellingShingle | Süleyman Okudan Emine Tınkır Kayıtmazbatır Ayşe Bozkurt Oflaz Banu Bozkurt In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal Dystrophies Diagnostics corneal stromal dystrophies granular corneal dystrophy macular corneal dystrophy lattice corneal dystrophy in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) |
| title | In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal Dystrophies |
| title_full | In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal Dystrophies |
| title_fullStr | In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal Dystrophies |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal Dystrophies |
| title_short | In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings in Corneal Stromal Dystrophies |
| title_sort | in vivo confocal microscopy findings in corneal stromal dystrophies |
| topic | corneal stromal dystrophies granular corneal dystrophy macular corneal dystrophy lattice corneal dystrophy in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/2/182 |
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