A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is recognized as the eighth most commonly occurring cancer globally in men. It is essential to distinguish between cancers arising in the head and neck regions due t...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal Saptarsi Shai Bansi P. Savaliya Lee Peng Karen-Ng Rupa Kumari Rahul Kumar Vui King Vincent-Chong |
| author_facet | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal Saptarsi Shai Bansi P. Savaliya Lee Peng Karen-Ng Rupa Kumari Rahul Kumar Vui King Vincent-Chong |
| author_sort | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is recognized as the eighth most commonly occurring cancer globally in men. It is essential to distinguish between cancers arising in the head and neck regions due to significant differences in their etiologies, treatment approaches, and prognoses. As the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset is available in HNSCC, the survival analysis prognosis of OSCC patients based on the TCGA dataset for discovering gene expression-based prognostic biomarkers is limited. To address this paucity, we aimed to provide comprehensive evidence by recruiting studies that have reported new biomarkers/signatures to establish a prognostic model to predict the survival of OSCC patients. Using PubMed search, we have identified 34 studies that have been using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-based Cox regression analyses to establish signature prognosis that related to different pathways in OSCC from the past 4 years. Our review was focused on summarizing these signatures and implications for targeted therapy using FDA-approved drugs. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of the LASSO Cox regression gene signatures. Our findings revealed 13 studies that correlated a greater number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) cells in protective gene signatures with increased recurrence-free and overall survival rates. Conversely, two studies displayed an opposing trend in cases of OSCC. We will also explore how the dysregulation of these signatures impacts immune status, promoting tumor immune evasion or, conversely, enhancing immune surveillance. Overall, this review will provide new insight for future anti-cancer therapies based on the potential gene that is associated with poor prognosis in OSCC. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-ab34489fac824b169f621032382411942025-01-24T13:24:08ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-01-0113113410.3390/biomedicines13010134A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox RegressionNur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal0Saptarsi Shai1Bansi P. Savaliya2Lee Peng Karen-Ng3Rupa Kumari4Rahul Kumar5Vui King Vincent-Chong6Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaBaylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USADivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USAOral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USACenter for Oral Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USAOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is recognized as the eighth most commonly occurring cancer globally in men. It is essential to distinguish between cancers arising in the head and neck regions due to significant differences in their etiologies, treatment approaches, and prognoses. As the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset is available in HNSCC, the survival analysis prognosis of OSCC patients based on the TCGA dataset for discovering gene expression-based prognostic biomarkers is limited. To address this paucity, we aimed to provide comprehensive evidence by recruiting studies that have reported new biomarkers/signatures to establish a prognostic model to predict the survival of OSCC patients. Using PubMed search, we have identified 34 studies that have been using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-based Cox regression analyses to establish signature prognosis that related to different pathways in OSCC from the past 4 years. Our review was focused on summarizing these signatures and implications for targeted therapy using FDA-approved drugs. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of the LASSO Cox regression gene signatures. Our findings revealed 13 studies that correlated a greater number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) cells in protective gene signatures with increased recurrence-free and overall survival rates. Conversely, two studies displayed an opposing trend in cases of OSCC. We will also explore how the dysregulation of these signatures impacts immune status, promoting tumor immune evasion or, conversely, enhancing immune surveillance. Overall, this review will provide new insight for future anti-cancer therapies based on the potential gene that is associated with poor prognosis in OSCC.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/134OSCCHNSCCLASSOchemotherapyimmunotherapyprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal Saptarsi Shai Bansi P. Savaliya Lee Peng Karen-Ng Rupa Kumari Rahul Kumar Vui King Vincent-Chong A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression Biomedicines OSCC HNSCC LASSO chemotherapy immunotherapy prognosis |
| title | A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression |
| title_full | A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression |
| title_fullStr | A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression |
| title_short | A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression |
| title_sort | narrative review of prognostic gene signatures in oral squamous cell carcinoma using lasso cox regression |
| topic | OSCC HNSCC LASSO chemotherapy immunotherapy prognosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/134 |
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