Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric Oxide
Reactive nitrogen is critical for the clearance of Francisella tularensis infections. Here we assess the role of nitric oxide in control of intracellular infections in two murine macrophage cell lines of different provenance: the alveolar macrophage cell line, MH-S, and the widely used peritoneal m...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/694717 |
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| _version_ | 1832556489858875392 |
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| author | Sarah L. Newstead Amanda J. Gates M. Gillian Hartley Caroline A. Rowland E. Diane Williamson Roman A. Lukaszewski |
| author_facet | Sarah L. Newstead Amanda J. Gates M. Gillian Hartley Caroline A. Rowland E. Diane Williamson Roman A. Lukaszewski |
| author_sort | Sarah L. Newstead |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reactive nitrogen is critical for the clearance of Francisella tularensis infections. Here we assess the role of nitric oxide in control of intracellular infections in two murine macrophage cell lines of different provenance: the alveolar macrophage cell line, MH-S, and the widely used peritoneal macrophage cell line, J774A.1. Cells were infected with the highly virulent Schu S4 strain or with the avirulent live vaccine strain (LVS) with and without stimuli. Compared to MH-S cells, J774A.1 cells were unresponsive to stimulation and were able to control the intracellular replication of LVS bacteria, but not of Schu S4. In MH-S cells, Schu S4 demonstrated control over cellular NO production. Despite this, MH-S cells stimulated with LPS or LPS and IFN-γ were able to control intracellular Schu S4 numbers. However, only stimulation with LPS induced significant cellular NO production. Combined stimulation with LPS and IFN-γ produced a significant reduction in intracellular bacteria that occurred whether high levels of NO were produced or not, indicating that NO secretion is not the only defensive cellular mechanism operating in virulent Francisella infections. Understanding how F. tularensis interacts with host macrophages will help in the rational design of new and effective therapies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ab14a236333b41918dae0979643bbf86 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-ab14a236333b41918dae0979643bbf862025-02-03T05:45:15ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562014-01-01201410.1155/2014/694717694717Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric OxideSarah L. Newstead0Amanda J. Gates1M. Gillian Hartley2Caroline A. Rowland3E. Diane Williamson4Roman A. Lukaszewski5Dstl, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UKDstl, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UKDstl, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UKDstl, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UKDstl, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UKDstl, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UKReactive nitrogen is critical for the clearance of Francisella tularensis infections. Here we assess the role of nitric oxide in control of intracellular infections in two murine macrophage cell lines of different provenance: the alveolar macrophage cell line, MH-S, and the widely used peritoneal macrophage cell line, J774A.1. Cells were infected with the highly virulent Schu S4 strain or with the avirulent live vaccine strain (LVS) with and without stimuli. Compared to MH-S cells, J774A.1 cells were unresponsive to stimulation and were able to control the intracellular replication of LVS bacteria, but not of Schu S4. In MH-S cells, Schu S4 demonstrated control over cellular NO production. Despite this, MH-S cells stimulated with LPS or LPS and IFN-γ were able to control intracellular Schu S4 numbers. However, only stimulation with LPS induced significant cellular NO production. Combined stimulation with LPS and IFN-γ produced a significant reduction in intracellular bacteria that occurred whether high levels of NO were produced or not, indicating that NO secretion is not the only defensive cellular mechanism operating in virulent Francisella infections. Understanding how F. tularensis interacts with host macrophages will help in the rational design of new and effective therapies.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/694717 |
| spellingShingle | Sarah L. Newstead Amanda J. Gates M. Gillian Hartley Caroline A. Rowland E. Diane Williamson Roman A. Lukaszewski Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric Oxide Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric Oxide |
| title_full | Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric Oxide |
| title_fullStr | Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric Oxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric Oxide |
| title_short | Control of Intracellular Francisella tularensis by Different Cell Types and the Role of Nitric Oxide |
| title_sort | control of intracellular francisella tularensis by different cell types and the role of nitric oxide |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/694717 |
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