Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: Clarithromycin

Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics ranges from 3% to 10% and may exceed these levels in some countries. The pathophysiology of clarithromycin resistance is reviewed, including the mode of action by which the antibiotic inhibits protein synthesis and the mechanism of resistance, which i...

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Main Author: Diane E Taylor
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2000-01-01
Series:Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/140806
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author Diane E Taylor
author_facet Diane E Taylor
author_sort Diane E Taylor
collection DOAJ
description Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics ranges from 3% to 10% and may exceed these levels in some countries. The pathophysiology of clarithromycin resistance is reviewed, including the mode of action by which the antibiotic inhibits protein synthesis and the mechanism of resistance, which involves a mutation at position 2142 or 2143 in the V loop domain of the 23S rRNA genes. Mutations of A2142G confer a higher minimum inhibitory concentration than mutations of A2143G. The former demonstrate cross-resistance to macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin antibiotics, whereas the latter are susceptible to streptogramin B. In vitro mutagenesis combined with natural transformation were used to create several types of clarithromycin-resistant mutants. H pylori strains with A2142G and A2143G mutations had a higher growth rate than those with A2142C, A2143 or A2142T mutations. Data from this study indicate why clarithromycin-resistant clinical isolates of H pylori are more likely to have A2142G or A2143G mutations and only occasionally A2142C mutations.
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spelling doaj-art-aa93e5d4e9da4e15bb8968ca8c2d01032025-08-20T02:20:54ZengWileyCanadian Journal of Gastroenterology0835-79002000-01-01141089189410.1155/2000/140806Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: ClarithromycinDiane E Taylor0Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunization, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaResistance of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics ranges from 3% to 10% and may exceed these levels in some countries. The pathophysiology of clarithromycin resistance is reviewed, including the mode of action by which the antibiotic inhibits protein synthesis and the mechanism of resistance, which involves a mutation at position 2142 or 2143 in the V loop domain of the 23S rRNA genes. Mutations of A2142G confer a higher minimum inhibitory concentration than mutations of A2143G. The former demonstrate cross-resistance to macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin antibiotics, whereas the latter are susceptible to streptogramin B. In vitro mutagenesis combined with natural transformation were used to create several types of clarithromycin-resistant mutants. H pylori strains with A2142G and A2143G mutations had a higher growth rate than those with A2142C, A2143 or A2142T mutations. Data from this study indicate why clarithromycin-resistant clinical isolates of H pylori are more likely to have A2142G or A2143G mutations and only occasionally A2142C mutations.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/140806
spellingShingle Diane E Taylor
Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: Clarithromycin
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology
title Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: Clarithromycin
title_full Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: Clarithromycin
title_fullStr Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: Clarithromycin
title_full_unstemmed Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: Clarithromycin
title_short Pathophysiology of Antibiotic Resistance: Clarithromycin
title_sort pathophysiology of antibiotic resistance clarithromycin
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/140806
work_keys_str_mv AT dianeetaylor pathophysiologyofantibioticresistanceclarithromycin