Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation
Phenolic compounds are industrially versatile chemicals that have been successfully produced in microbial cell factories. Unfortunately, most phenolic compounds are highly toxic to cells in specific cellular environments or above a particular concentration because they form a complex with iron and p...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Xinyue Sui Likun Guo Zixian Bao Mo Xian Guang Zhao |
| author_facet | Xinyue Sui Likun Guo Zixian Bao Mo Xian Guang Zhao |
| author_sort | Xinyue Sui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phenolic compounds are industrially versatile chemicals that have been successfully produced in microbial cell factories. Unfortunately, most phenolic compounds are highly toxic to cells in specific cellular environments or above a particular concentration because they form a complex with iron and promote hydroxyl radical production in Fenton reactions, resulting in the ferroptosis of cells. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of efflux pumps and porins, including porins LamB and OmpN, and efflux pumps EmrAB, MdtABC, and SrpB, can enhance <i>Escherichia coli</i> phloroglucinol (PG) tolerance by inhibiting the generation of hydroxyl radicals. In addition, LamB and OmpN overexpression improved the bioproduction of PG. Furthermore, efflux pumps and porins can enhance bacterial tolerance to various phenolic compounds, including phenol, catechol, resorcinol, pyrogallol, and 2-naphthol. LamB and MdtABC confer a generalized tolerance to phenols. However, EmrAB, OmpN, and SrpB showed inconsistent effects of bacterial tolerance to different phenolic compounds. Our results will theoretically support the construction of phenolic compound-tolerant bacteria strains, which should be more efficient in the biosynthesis of phenols. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aa0f6c97582c4e28b7daa8030740005e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-aa0f6c97582c4e28b7daa8030740005e2025-01-24T13:43:02ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-01-0113120210.3390/microorganisms13010202Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical GenerationXinyue Sui0Likun Guo1Zixian Bao2Mo Xian3Guang Zhao4State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaCAS Key Lab of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaPhenolic compounds are industrially versatile chemicals that have been successfully produced in microbial cell factories. Unfortunately, most phenolic compounds are highly toxic to cells in specific cellular environments or above a particular concentration because they form a complex with iron and promote hydroxyl radical production in Fenton reactions, resulting in the ferroptosis of cells. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of efflux pumps and porins, including porins LamB and OmpN, and efflux pumps EmrAB, MdtABC, and SrpB, can enhance <i>Escherichia coli</i> phloroglucinol (PG) tolerance by inhibiting the generation of hydroxyl radicals. In addition, LamB and OmpN overexpression improved the bioproduction of PG. Furthermore, efflux pumps and porins can enhance bacterial tolerance to various phenolic compounds, including phenol, catechol, resorcinol, pyrogallol, and 2-naphthol. LamB and MdtABC confer a generalized tolerance to phenols. However, EmrAB, OmpN, and SrpB showed inconsistent effects of bacterial tolerance to different phenolic compounds. Our results will theoretically support the construction of phenolic compound-tolerant bacteria strains, which should be more efficient in the biosynthesis of phenols.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/202phenolic compoundsefflux pumpsporinstoxicityhydroxyl radicalphloroglucinol |
| spellingShingle | Xinyue Sui Likun Guo Zixian Bao Mo Xian Guang Zhao Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation Microorganisms phenolic compounds efflux pumps porins toxicity hydroxyl radical phloroglucinol |
| title | Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation |
| title_full | Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation |
| title_fullStr | Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation |
| title_short | Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation |
| title_sort | efflux pumps and porins enhance bacterial tolerance to phenolic compounds by inhibiting hydroxyl radical generation |
| topic | phenolic compounds efflux pumps porins toxicity hydroxyl radical phloroglucinol |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/202 |
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