Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach
Anthropogenic emissions, such as industrial, vehicular, biomass burning, and coal combustion, play a significant role in degrading the atmospheric conditions of India. Therefore, in the present study, applicability of the photocatalytic-concrete blocks was estimated in improving the ambient environm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6468749 |
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| author | Neeru Singla Sandeep Singla Parteek Singh Thind Sandeep Singh Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan Raman Kumar Shubham Sharma Somnath Chattopadhyaya Shashi Prakash Dwivedi Ambuj Saxena Alibek Issakhov Nima Khalilpoor |
| author_facet | Neeru Singla Sandeep Singla Parteek Singh Thind Sandeep Singh Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan Raman Kumar Shubham Sharma Somnath Chattopadhyaya Shashi Prakash Dwivedi Ambuj Saxena Alibek Issakhov Nima Khalilpoor |
| author_sort | Neeru Singla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anthropogenic emissions, such as industrial, vehicular, biomass burning, and coal combustion, play a significant role in degrading the atmospheric conditions of India. Therefore, in the present study, applicability of the photocatalytic-concrete blocks was estimated in improving the ambient environment of Chandigarh, India. The photocatalytic-concrete blocks were prepared by mixing the TiO2 particles with cement. All the experiments, designed in accordance with the Box–Behnken approach, in combination with response surface methodology, were performed in a batch reactor. Further, the process parameters, namely, concentration of TiO2 (1 to 5 g), UV-A irradiance (1 to 5 mW/cm2), and relative humidity (RH) (10 to 70%), were optimized to achieve maximum degradation of NO2. Outcomes of batch experiments depicted that the maximum degradation of NO2, that is, 68.32%, was attained at 3.35 g of TiO2, 5 mW/cm2 of UV-A irradiance, and 64.60% RH. The findings of batch experiment were further theoretically applied to degrade the ambient NO2 concentration of Chandigarh, India. It was estimated that using the photocatalytic concrete for construction of Chandigarh’s pavements may reduce the ambient NO2 concentration of Chandigarh, India, to an average of 5.80 μg/m3. Afterwards, reusability of photocatalytic-concrete blocks was also assessed, and it was made evident that after five cycles, their efficiency was reduced by only 7.15%. Subsequently, it was revealed that hydrogen peroxide-based treatment of photocatalytic-concrete blocks could completely regenerate its treatment efficiency. Therefore, it is expected that the findings of this study may prove beneficial in urban planning, as it may assist scientific auditory in identifying the applicability of TiO2-based photocatalysis in mitigating the impacts of vehicular emissions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a9693d2366034b7c9b5d904d1e066dcf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-9063 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-a9693d2366034b7c9b5d904d1e066dcf2025-02-03T05:43:47ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712021-01-01202110.1155/2021/64687496468749Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development ApproachNeeru Singla0Sandeep Singla1Parteek Singh Thind2Sandeep Singh3Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan4Raman Kumar5Shubham Sharma6Somnath Chattopadhyaya7Shashi Prakash Dwivedi8Ambuj Saxena9Alibek Issakhov10Nima Khalilpoor11Department of Civil Engineering, I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar-Kapurthala Highway, VPO Ibban, Kapurthala 144603, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh 147301, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan 140413, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan 140413, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan 140413, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar-Kapurthala Highway, VPO Ibban, Kapurthala 144603, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, IndiaG. L. Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaG. L. Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaFaculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Department of Mathematical and Computer Modelling, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanDepartment of Energy Engineering, Graduate School of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranAnthropogenic emissions, such as industrial, vehicular, biomass burning, and coal combustion, play a significant role in degrading the atmospheric conditions of India. Therefore, in the present study, applicability of the photocatalytic-concrete blocks was estimated in improving the ambient environment of Chandigarh, India. The photocatalytic-concrete blocks were prepared by mixing the TiO2 particles with cement. All the experiments, designed in accordance with the Box–Behnken approach, in combination with response surface methodology, were performed in a batch reactor. Further, the process parameters, namely, concentration of TiO2 (1 to 5 g), UV-A irradiance (1 to 5 mW/cm2), and relative humidity (RH) (10 to 70%), were optimized to achieve maximum degradation of NO2. Outcomes of batch experiments depicted that the maximum degradation of NO2, that is, 68.32%, was attained at 3.35 g of TiO2, 5 mW/cm2 of UV-A irradiance, and 64.60% RH. The findings of batch experiment were further theoretically applied to degrade the ambient NO2 concentration of Chandigarh, India. It was estimated that using the photocatalytic concrete for construction of Chandigarh’s pavements may reduce the ambient NO2 concentration of Chandigarh, India, to an average of 5.80 μg/m3. Afterwards, reusability of photocatalytic-concrete blocks was also assessed, and it was made evident that after five cycles, their efficiency was reduced by only 7.15%. Subsequently, it was revealed that hydrogen peroxide-based treatment of photocatalytic-concrete blocks could completely regenerate its treatment efficiency. Therefore, it is expected that the findings of this study may prove beneficial in urban planning, as it may assist scientific auditory in identifying the applicability of TiO2-based photocatalysis in mitigating the impacts of vehicular emissions.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6468749 |
| spellingShingle | Neeru Singla Sandeep Singla Parteek Singh Thind Sandeep Singh Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan Raman Kumar Shubham Sharma Somnath Chattopadhyaya Shashi Prakash Dwivedi Ambuj Saxena Alibek Issakhov Nima Khalilpoor Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach |
| title_full | Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach |
| title_short | Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach |
| title_sort | assessing the applicability of photocatalytic concrete blocks in reducing the concentration of ambient no2 of chandigarh india using box behnken response surface design technique a holistic sustainable development approach |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6468749 |
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