<i>MTHFR</i> Gene Polymorphisms and Cancer Risk in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> <i>MTHFR</i> gene polymorphisms (677C>T and 1298A>C) correlate with various types of cancer across all age groups; however, a small number of studies have included solely children and adolescents. The aim of this systematic review and meta-...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Children |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/1/108 |
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| Summary: | <b>Background/Objectives:</b> <i>MTHFR</i> gene polymorphisms (677C>T and 1298A>C) correlate with various types of cancer across all age groups; however, a small number of studies have included solely children and adolescents. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to present and synthesize all the available evidence on the association between <i>MTHFR</i> gene polymorphisms and the incidence of all types of cancer in children and adolescences. <b>Methods:</b> After a systematic search of all of the available data, original case–control studies involving children or adolescents with a confirmed diagnosis of any type of cancer and a molecular genetic test of <i>MTHFR</i> gene polymorphisms were included. <b>Results:</b> A total of 53 original studies in children and adolescents with cancer were included in the systematic review. Among these, 40 studies reviewed children and adolescents with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), 4 those with Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML), 8 those with central nervous system (CNS) tumors and 3 those with other types of cancer. Children and adolescents with ALL had less frequent T allele sequences (CT and TT variations) of the 677C>T polymorphism compared to a healthy population (OR: 0.85; CI: 0.80–0.91; <i>p</i> < 0.00001). Concerning the 1298A>C polymorphism, the C allele sequences (AC and CC) did not present a statistically significant difference in frequency compared to a healthy population (OR: 1.01; CI: 0.95–1.08; <i>p</i> = 0.69). <b>Conclusions:</b> Children and adolescents with ALL appeared to have the T allele sequences of the 677C>T polymorphism of the <i>MTHFR</i> gene less frequently compared to a healthy population. |
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| ISSN: | 2227-9067 |