Spatiotemporal Pattern of Neuroinflammation After Impact-Acceleration Closed Head Injury in the Rat
Inflammatory processes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain damage. We analyzed the spatiotemporal expression pattern of the proinflammatory key molecules: interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in a rat closed head injury (...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2006-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/MI/2006/90123 |
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| Summary: | Inflammatory processes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of
traumatic brain damage. We analyzed the spatiotemporal expression
pattern of the proinflammatory key molecules: interleukin-1β,
interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and inducible nitric
oxide synthase in a rat closed head injury (CHI) paradigm. 51 rats
were used for RT-PCR analysis after CHI, and 18 for
immunocytochemistry. We found an early upregulation of
IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA between 1 h and
7 h after injury; the expression of iNOS mRNA only revealed a
significant increase at 4 h. After 24 h, the expression
decreased towards baseline levels, and remained low until 7 d
after injury. Immunocytochemically, IL-1β induction was
localized to ramified microglia in areas surrounding the primary
impact place as well as deeper brain structures. Our study shows
rapid induction of inflammatory gene expression that exceeds by
far the primary impact site and might therefore contribute to
tissue damage at remote sites. |
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| ISSN: | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |