Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser melting
Additive manufacturing, particularly the selective laser melting (SLM) process, has emerged as an innovative technique for manufacturing complex geometries with precise control over phase composition and element distribution. However, the SLM process faces inherent challenges, such as a non-uniform...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001838 |
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| author | Won-Sang Shin Taehyun Lee Hyonkee Sohn Yoon-Jun Kim Changkyoo Park |
| author_facet | Won-Sang Shin Taehyun Lee Hyonkee Sohn Yoon-Jun Kim Changkyoo Park |
| author_sort | Won-Sang Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additive manufacturing, particularly the selective laser melting (SLM) process, has emerged as an innovative technique for manufacturing complex geometries with precise control over phase composition and element distribution. However, the SLM process faces inherent challenges, such as a non-uniform microstructure and high residual stress in acceleration and deceleration scan (Ac/Dec) zones owing to the use of a galvanometer scanner. This study investigates the microstructural evolution within the Ac/Dec zones of selective laser-melted stainless steel 316L. A detailed analysis reveals that these zones exhibit unique microstructures, including random sub-grain sizes, σ phase formation, and multiple defects, differing from constant speed scan (CSS) zones. These variations occur because the laser energy input varies with the laser beam scan speed. A post-heat treatment at 1373 K relieves the residual stresses in the Ac/Dec zones, which results in the formation of annealing twins. However, these microstructural differences render it difficult to maintain uniform material properties and product quality, particularly in small-scale applications. The findings of this study show that the Ac/Dec zones exhibit distinct microstructures compared to the CSS zones. Addressing these differences can significantly enhance the performance and reliability of SLM products. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a761cf76191a44b083b2f4173406406a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-a761cf76191a44b083b2f4173406406a2025-01-30T05:14:21ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-03-013522152225Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser meltingWon-Sang Shin0Taehyun Lee1Hyonkee Sohn2Yoon-Jun Kim3Changkyoo Park4Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Reliability, Virtual Engineering Platform Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Laser and Electron Beam Technologies, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.yoonjun@inha.ac.krDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.Additive manufacturing, particularly the selective laser melting (SLM) process, has emerged as an innovative technique for manufacturing complex geometries with precise control over phase composition and element distribution. However, the SLM process faces inherent challenges, such as a non-uniform microstructure and high residual stress in acceleration and deceleration scan (Ac/Dec) zones owing to the use of a galvanometer scanner. This study investigates the microstructural evolution within the Ac/Dec zones of selective laser-melted stainless steel 316L. A detailed analysis reveals that these zones exhibit unique microstructures, including random sub-grain sizes, σ phase formation, and multiple defects, differing from constant speed scan (CSS) zones. These variations occur because the laser energy input varies with the laser beam scan speed. A post-heat treatment at 1373 K relieves the residual stresses in the Ac/Dec zones, which results in the formation of annealing twins. However, these microstructural differences render it difficult to maintain uniform material properties and product quality, particularly in small-scale applications. The findings of this study show that the Ac/Dec zones exhibit distinct microstructures compared to the CSS zones. Addressing these differences can significantly enhance the performance and reliability of SLM products.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001838Acceleration/decelerationMicrostructural evolutionSelective laser meltingSS316L |
| spellingShingle | Won-Sang Shin Taehyun Lee Hyonkee Sohn Yoon-Jun Kim Changkyoo Park Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser melting Journal of Materials Research and Technology Acceleration/deceleration Microstructural evolution Selective laser melting SS316L |
| title | Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser melting |
| title_full | Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser melting |
| title_fullStr | Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser melting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser melting |
| title_short | Microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration/deceleration zones in stainless steel 316L fabricated by selective laser melting |
| title_sort | microstructural and mechanical properties degradation of the acceleration deceleration zones in stainless steel 316l fabricated by selective laser melting |
| topic | Acceleration/deceleration Microstructural evolution Selective laser melting SS316L |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001838 |
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