Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction

With the evolution of cellular networks and wireless-local-area-network-based communication technologies, services for smart device users have appeared. With the popularity of 4G and 5G, smart device users can now consume larger bandwidths than before. Consequently, the demand for various services,...

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Main Authors: Jeonghun Woo, Seungwoo Hong, Donghyun Kang, Donghyeok An
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/22/10490
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author Jeonghun Woo
Seungwoo Hong
Donghyun Kang
Donghyeok An
author_facet Jeonghun Woo
Seungwoo Hong
Donghyun Kang
Donghyeok An
author_sort Jeonghun Woo
collection DOAJ
description With the evolution of cellular networks and wireless-local-area-network-based communication technologies, services for smart device users have appeared. With the popularity of 4G and 5G, smart device users can now consume larger bandwidths than before. Consequently, the demand for various services, such as streaming, online games, and video conferences, has increased. For improved quality of experience (QoE), streaming services utilize adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms to handle network bandwidth variations. ABR algorithms use network bandwidth history for future network bandwidth prediction, allowing them to perform efficiently when network bandwidth fluctuations are minor. However, in environments with frequent network bandwidth changes, such as wireless networks, the QoE of video streaming often degrades because of inaccurate predictions of future network bandwidth. To address this issue, we utilize the gated recurrent unit, a time series prediction model, to predict the network bandwidth accurately. We then propose a buffer-based ABR streaming technique that selects optimized video-quality settings on the basis of the predicted bandwidth. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on a dataset provided by Zeondo by categorizing instances of user mobility into walking, bus, and train scenarios. The proposed algorithm improved the QoE by approximately 11% compared with the existing buffer-based ABR algorithm in various environments.
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spelling doaj-art-a6a16a93f98b4d7c9ed0ff99f9240a062025-08-20T01:53:49ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-11-0114221049010.3390/app142210490Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth PredictionJeonghun Woo0Seungwoo Hong1Donghyun Kang2Donghyeok An3Department of Computer Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of KoreaNetwork Research Department, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Computer Engineering, College of IT Convergence, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Computer Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of KoreaWith the evolution of cellular networks and wireless-local-area-network-based communication technologies, services for smart device users have appeared. With the popularity of 4G and 5G, smart device users can now consume larger bandwidths than before. Consequently, the demand for various services, such as streaming, online games, and video conferences, has increased. For improved quality of experience (QoE), streaming services utilize adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms to handle network bandwidth variations. ABR algorithms use network bandwidth history for future network bandwidth prediction, allowing them to perform efficiently when network bandwidth fluctuations are minor. However, in environments with frequent network bandwidth changes, such as wireless networks, the QoE of video streaming often degrades because of inaccurate predictions of future network bandwidth. To address this issue, we utilize the gated recurrent unit, a time series prediction model, to predict the network bandwidth accurately. We then propose a buffer-based ABR streaming technique that selects optimized video-quality settings on the basis of the predicted bandwidth. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on a dataset provided by Zeondo by categorizing instances of user mobility into walking, bus, and train scenarios. The proposed algorithm improved the QoE by approximately 11% compared with the existing buffer-based ABR algorithm in various environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/22/10490buffer-based ABRquality of experiencebandwidth predictiongated recurrent unitvideo streaming
spellingShingle Jeonghun Woo
Seungwoo Hong
Donghyun Kang
Donghyeok An
Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction
Applied Sciences
buffer-based ABR
quality of experience
bandwidth prediction
gated recurrent unit
video streaming
title Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction
title_full Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction
title_fullStr Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction
title_full_unstemmed Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction
title_short Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction
title_sort improving the quality of experience of video streaming through a buffer based adaptive bitrate algorithm and gated recurrent unit based network bandwidth prediction
topic buffer-based ABR
quality of experience
bandwidth prediction
gated recurrent unit
video streaming
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/22/10490
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