Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton Community
ABSTRACT Heatwaves (HWs) are predicted to increase in frequency and severity due to climate change. Yet, there is limited information about how ecological resilience of aquatic communities is going to be impacted by recurrent HWs. Here, we used data from an outdoor freshwater mesocosm experiment whe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70539 |
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| author | Francesco Polazzo Markus Hermann Melina Crettaz‐Minaglia Andreu Rico |
| author_facet | Francesco Polazzo Markus Hermann Melina Crettaz‐Minaglia Andreu Rico |
| author_sort | Francesco Polazzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Heatwaves (HWs) are predicted to increase in frequency and severity due to climate change. Yet, there is limited information about how ecological resilience of aquatic communities is going to be impacted by recurrent HWs. Here, we used data from an outdoor freshwater mesocosm experiment where a semi‐natural phytoplankton community was exposed to three subsequent HWs. The data were used to test two different hypotheses regarding community and ecosystem responses to recurrent perturbations: critical slowing down and rescue. Slowing down would determine a reduction in resilience and eventually a community or ecosystem collapse, whereas rescue would increase community or ecosystem resilience and maintain stable community and ecosystem properties. The results of our experiment showed evidence for critical slowing down, but not for community or ecosystem rescue. The recovery capacity of phytoplankton biomass and dissolved oxygen gradually decreased after the first two HWs and sharply declined after the third one. The decline in these community and ecosystem properties were linked to a significant compositional turnover in the phytoplankton community. Although we did not find evidence for a transition into an alternative stable state, our results provide insights into how the overall resilience of a phytoplankton community may decline in the presence of recurrent heatwaves. Thus, we highlight the importance of monitoring the slowing down of recovery of aquatic communities experiencing repeated exposure to severe perturbations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a6574b6f11084d6c8df20a727da2f050 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj-art-a6574b6f11084d6c8df20a727da2f0502025-08-20T02:00:47ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582024-12-011412n/an/a10.1002/ece3.70539Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton CommunityFrancesco Polazzo0Markus Hermann1Melina Crettaz‐Minaglia2Andreu Rico3Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandDepartment of Aquatic Ecology Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf SwitzerlandIMDEA Water Institute Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Madrid SpainIMDEA Water Institute Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Madrid SpainABSTRACT Heatwaves (HWs) are predicted to increase in frequency and severity due to climate change. Yet, there is limited information about how ecological resilience of aquatic communities is going to be impacted by recurrent HWs. Here, we used data from an outdoor freshwater mesocosm experiment where a semi‐natural phytoplankton community was exposed to three subsequent HWs. The data were used to test two different hypotheses regarding community and ecosystem responses to recurrent perturbations: critical slowing down and rescue. Slowing down would determine a reduction in resilience and eventually a community or ecosystem collapse, whereas rescue would increase community or ecosystem resilience and maintain stable community and ecosystem properties. The results of our experiment showed evidence for critical slowing down, but not for community or ecosystem rescue. The recovery capacity of phytoplankton biomass and dissolved oxygen gradually decreased after the first two HWs and sharply declined after the third one. The decline in these community and ecosystem properties were linked to a significant compositional turnover in the phytoplankton community. Although we did not find evidence for a transition into an alternative stable state, our results provide insights into how the overall resilience of a phytoplankton community may decline in the presence of recurrent heatwaves. Thus, we highlight the importance of monitoring the slowing down of recovery of aquatic communities experiencing repeated exposure to severe perturbations.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70539community rescuecritical slow downecological stabilityheatwavesresilience |
| spellingShingle | Francesco Polazzo Markus Hermann Melina Crettaz‐Minaglia Andreu Rico Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton Community Ecology and Evolution community rescue critical slow down ecological stability heatwaves resilience |
| title | Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton Community |
| title_full | Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton Community |
| title_fullStr | Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton Community |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton Community |
| title_short | Recurrent Heatwaves Slow Down the Recovery of a Phytoplankton Community |
| title_sort | recurrent heatwaves slow down the recovery of a phytoplankton community |
| topic | community rescue critical slow down ecological stability heatwaves resilience |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70539 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT francescopolazzo recurrentheatwavesslowdowntherecoveryofaphytoplanktoncommunity AT markushermann recurrentheatwavesslowdowntherecoveryofaphytoplanktoncommunity AT melinacrettazminaglia recurrentheatwavesslowdowntherecoveryofaphytoplanktoncommunity AT andreurico recurrentheatwavesslowdowntherecoveryofaphytoplanktoncommunity |