Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition
A sensitive and reliable electrochemical biosensor for the detection of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), the most commonly used disinfectant biocides in the agri-food industry, is described. Acetylcholinesterase from <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/1/26 |
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| author | Lynn Mouawad Georges Istamboulie Gaëlle Catanante Thierry Noguer |
| author_facet | Lynn Mouawad Georges Istamboulie Gaëlle Catanante Thierry Noguer |
| author_sort | Lynn Mouawad |
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| description | A sensitive and reliable electrochemical biosensor for the detection of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), the most commonly used disinfectant biocides in the agri-food industry, is described. Acetylcholinesterase from <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (DM AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase from horse serum (BChE) were immobilized by entrapment in a photocrosslinkable polymer on the surface of carbon screen-printed electrodes. Preliminary tests conducted in phosphate buffer showed limits of detection (LODs) of 0.26 µM for BAC using the BChE-based sensor and 0.04 µM for DDAC using the DM AChE sensor. These performances comply with the European regulation for dairy products, which sets a maximum allowable concentration of 0.28 µM for biocides. However, when tested directly in milk samples, a dramatic decrease in the sensitivity of both sensors towards BAC and DDAC biocides was reported. To overcome this problem, a simple liquid–liquid extraction was necessary prior to biosensor measurements, ensuring that the biosensors met European regulatory standards and provided an unbiased response. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a554a7def6964471a141346db6cc6df2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-a554a7def6964471a141346db6cc6df22025-01-24T13:25:28ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742025-01-011512610.3390/bios15010026Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase InhibitionLynn Mouawad0Georges Istamboulie1Gaëlle Catanante2Thierry Noguer3Biosensors Analysis Environment Group (BAE-LBBM), Université de Perpignan, Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Cedex, F-66860 Perpignan, FranceBiosensors Analysis Environment Group (BAE-LBBM), Université de Perpignan, Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Cedex, F-66860 Perpignan, FranceBiosensors Analysis Environment Group (BAE-LBBM), Université de Perpignan, Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Cedex, F-66860 Perpignan, FranceBiosensors Analysis Environment Group (BAE-LBBM), Université de Perpignan, Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Cedex, F-66860 Perpignan, FranceA sensitive and reliable electrochemical biosensor for the detection of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), the most commonly used disinfectant biocides in the agri-food industry, is described. Acetylcholinesterase from <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (DM AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase from horse serum (BChE) were immobilized by entrapment in a photocrosslinkable polymer on the surface of carbon screen-printed electrodes. Preliminary tests conducted in phosphate buffer showed limits of detection (LODs) of 0.26 µM for BAC using the BChE-based sensor and 0.04 µM for DDAC using the DM AChE sensor. These performances comply with the European regulation for dairy products, which sets a maximum allowable concentration of 0.28 µM for biocides. However, when tested directly in milk samples, a dramatic decrease in the sensitivity of both sensors towards BAC and DDAC biocides was reported. To overcome this problem, a simple liquid–liquid extraction was necessary prior to biosensor measurements, ensuring that the biosensors met European regulatory standards and provided an unbiased response.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/1/26quaternary ammoniumsbiocidescholinesterasesbiosensor |
| spellingShingle | Lynn Mouawad Georges Istamboulie Gaëlle Catanante Thierry Noguer Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition Biosensors quaternary ammoniums biocides cholinesterases biosensor |
| title | Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition |
| title_full | Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition |
| title_short | Enhancing Biocide Safety of Milk Using Biosensors Based on Cholinesterase Inhibition |
| title_sort | enhancing biocide safety of milk using biosensors based on cholinesterase inhibition |
| topic | quaternary ammoniums biocides cholinesterases biosensor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/1/26 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lynnmouawad enhancingbiocidesafetyofmilkusingbiosensorsbasedoncholinesteraseinhibition AT georgesistamboulie enhancingbiocidesafetyofmilkusingbiosensorsbasedoncholinesteraseinhibition AT gaellecatanante enhancingbiocidesafetyofmilkusingbiosensorsbasedoncholinesteraseinhibition AT thierrynoguer enhancingbiocidesafetyofmilkusingbiosensorsbasedoncholinesteraseinhibition |