Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk
Trihalomethanes (THMs) are a group of volatile organic compounds that can be easily found in drinking water, especially in municipal water distribution systems supplied by water treatment stations as a result of the chlorination process. This study investigates the THMs presence in various sources a...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Estfalia
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.rjeec.ro/Read/252?id=Evaluating%20the%20occurrence%20of%20trihalomethanes%20in%20drinking%20water%20and%20their%20implications%20for%20human%20health%20risk |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832582701595492352 |
|---|---|
| author | Victor Constantin Cojocaru Valentina Andreea Petre Ana Ioana Paris Nicolae Ionut Cristea Florentina Laura Chiriac Ioana-Antonia Cimpean |
| author_facet | Victor Constantin Cojocaru Valentina Andreea Petre Ana Ioana Paris Nicolae Ionut Cristea Florentina Laura Chiriac Ioana-Antonia Cimpean |
| author_sort | Victor Constantin Cojocaru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Trihalomethanes (THMs) are a group of volatile organic compounds that can be easily found in drinking water, especially in municipal water distribution systems supplied by water treatment stations as a result of the chlorination process. This study investigates the THMs presence in various sources across Romania and conducts a human health risk assessment in order to determine the potential danger the population is exposed to. Using a gas-chromatography coupled mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis method, water samples collected over the course of a year were analysed and revealed the cumulative sum of all trihalomethanes (ΣTHMs) saw a maximum concentration of 90.6 µg/L, with an average of 25.6 µg/L and a median of 22.2 µg/L with chloroform and bromoform being the most abundant. The analysis of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks associated with THMs in drinking water reveals women exhibit higher risk levels than men across both categories. The total non-carcinogenic risks for women range from 5.14×10-4 to 4.30×10-1, while for men, the risks range from 4.78×10-4 to 3.78×10-1. Carcinogenic risk assessments indicate a similar trend, with total risks for women varying between 1.37×10-6 and 1.88×10-4, and for men between 2.22×10-7 and 1.66×10-4. comparable values for cancer risk that exceed the minimum or negligible risk threshold established by the USEPA (1.00×10-6). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a4f80c573cc54b4891a6d672a26b0695 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2668-5418 2668-8530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Estfalia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-a4f80c573cc54b4891a6d672a26b06952025-01-29T12:23:34ZengEstfaliaRomanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry2668-54182668-85302024-12-0162556710.21698/rjeec.2024.205Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health riskVictor Constantin Cojocaru0Valentina Andreea Petre1Ana Ioana Paris2Nicolae Ionut Cristea3Florentina Laura Chiriac4Ioana-Antonia Cimpean5National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDNational Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDNational Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDNational Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDNational Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDNational Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDTrihalomethanes (THMs) are a group of volatile organic compounds that can be easily found in drinking water, especially in municipal water distribution systems supplied by water treatment stations as a result of the chlorination process. This study investigates the THMs presence in various sources across Romania and conducts a human health risk assessment in order to determine the potential danger the population is exposed to. Using a gas-chromatography coupled mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis method, water samples collected over the course of a year were analysed and revealed the cumulative sum of all trihalomethanes (ΣTHMs) saw a maximum concentration of 90.6 µg/L, with an average of 25.6 µg/L and a median of 22.2 µg/L with chloroform and bromoform being the most abundant. The analysis of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks associated with THMs in drinking water reveals women exhibit higher risk levels than men across both categories. The total non-carcinogenic risks for women range from 5.14×10-4 to 4.30×10-1, while for men, the risks range from 4.78×10-4 to 3.78×10-1. Carcinogenic risk assessments indicate a similar trend, with total risks for women varying between 1.37×10-6 and 1.88×10-4, and for men between 2.22×10-7 and 1.66×10-4. comparable values for cancer risk that exceed the minimum or negligible risk threshold established by the USEPA (1.00×10-6).http://www.rjeec.ro/Read/252?id=Evaluating%20the%20occurrence%20of%20trihalomethanes%20in%20drinking%20water%20and%20their%20implications%20for%20human%20health%20riskthmsdrinking waterwater qualityhuman health riskcarcinogenic risk |
| spellingShingle | Victor Constantin Cojocaru Valentina Andreea Petre Ana Ioana Paris Nicolae Ionut Cristea Florentina Laura Chiriac Ioana-Antonia Cimpean Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry thms drinking water water quality human health risk carcinogenic risk |
| title | Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk |
| title_full | Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk |
| title_short | Evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk |
| title_sort | evaluating the occurrence of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their implications for human health risk |
| topic | thms drinking water water quality human health risk carcinogenic risk |
| url | http://www.rjeec.ro/Read/252?id=Evaluating%20the%20occurrence%20of%20trihalomethanes%20in%20drinking%20water%20and%20their%20implications%20for%20human%20health%20risk |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT victorconstantincojocaru evaluatingtheoccurrenceoftrihalomethanesindrinkingwaterandtheirimplicationsforhumanhealthrisk AT valentinaandreeapetre evaluatingtheoccurrenceoftrihalomethanesindrinkingwaterandtheirimplicationsforhumanhealthrisk AT anaioanaparis evaluatingtheoccurrenceoftrihalomethanesindrinkingwaterandtheirimplicationsforhumanhealthrisk AT nicolaeionutcristea evaluatingtheoccurrenceoftrihalomethanesindrinkingwaterandtheirimplicationsforhumanhealthrisk AT florentinalaurachiriac evaluatingtheoccurrenceoftrihalomethanesindrinkingwaterandtheirimplicationsforhumanhealthrisk AT ioanaantoniacimpean evaluatingtheoccurrenceoftrihalomethanesindrinkingwaterandtheirimplicationsforhumanhealthrisk |