Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
<b>Background</b>: The etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains an area of active research, with genetic and environmental factors being investigated. This meta-analysis aimed to determine if rotavirus vaccination influences the onset of T1D in children. <b>Methods</b>: Foll...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/1/50 |
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| author | Chrysoula Kosmeri Achilleas Klapas Nikolas Evripidou Evanthia Kantza Anastasios Serbis Ekaterini Siomou Fani Ladomenou |
| author_facet | Chrysoula Kosmeri Achilleas Klapas Nikolas Evripidou Evanthia Kantza Anastasios Serbis Ekaterini Siomou Fani Ladomenou |
| author_sort | Chrysoula Kosmeri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background</b>: The etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains an area of active research, with genetic and environmental factors being investigated. This meta-analysis aimed to determine if rotavirus vaccination influences the onset of T1D in children. <b>Methods</b>: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, two researchers independently searched multiple databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, for studies published in English from 2006 to September 2024. They used the search terms “rotavirus vaccination” and “type 1 diabetes”, and assessed study quality using the ROBINS-E tool. The analysis pooled hazard ratios (HRs) from selected studies using a fixed-effects model, with statistical significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05 and heterogeneity evaluated using the I<sup>2</sup> statistic. <b>Results</b>: A systematic search identified 90 records, of which 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies, encompassing a total population of 4,427,291 children from developed countries, suggest a protective effect of rotavirus vaccination against T1D. The pooled HR was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78–0.98), indicating a 13% lower risk of T1D in vaccinated children compared to unvaccinated ones (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Moderate heterogeneity was noted (χ<sup>2</sup> = 10.02, df = 4, <i>p</i> = 0.04, I<sup>2</sup> = 60%). <b>Conclusions</b>: This analysis suggests that rotavirus vaccination may reduce the risk of T1D in children from high-income Western countries. While these findings are promising, they may not be generalizable to settings outside similar advanced healthcare systems. Further research is needed to confirm the protective effects of rotavirus vaccination against T1D across diverse populations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a46fe70d9824419291db088a318a9d00 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj-art-a46fe70d9824419291db088a318a9d002025-01-24T13:51:47ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-01-011315010.3390/vaccines13010050Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisChrysoula Kosmeri0Achilleas Klapas1Nikolas Evripidou2Evanthia Kantza3Anastasios Serbis4Ekaterini Siomou5Fani Ladomenou6Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceMedical School, University of Ioannina, Stavrou Niarchou Street, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceMedical School, University of Ioannina, Stavrou Niarchou Street, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece<b>Background</b>: The etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains an area of active research, with genetic and environmental factors being investigated. This meta-analysis aimed to determine if rotavirus vaccination influences the onset of T1D in children. <b>Methods</b>: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, two researchers independently searched multiple databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, for studies published in English from 2006 to September 2024. They used the search terms “rotavirus vaccination” and “type 1 diabetes”, and assessed study quality using the ROBINS-E tool. The analysis pooled hazard ratios (HRs) from selected studies using a fixed-effects model, with statistical significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05 and heterogeneity evaluated using the I<sup>2</sup> statistic. <b>Results</b>: A systematic search identified 90 records, of which 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies, encompassing a total population of 4,427,291 children from developed countries, suggest a protective effect of rotavirus vaccination against T1D. The pooled HR was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78–0.98), indicating a 13% lower risk of T1D in vaccinated children compared to unvaccinated ones (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Moderate heterogeneity was noted (χ<sup>2</sup> = 10.02, df = 4, <i>p</i> = 0.04, I<sup>2</sup> = 60%). <b>Conclusions</b>: This analysis suggests that rotavirus vaccination may reduce the risk of T1D in children from high-income Western countries. While these findings are promising, they may not be generalizable to settings outside similar advanced healthcare systems. Further research is needed to confirm the protective effects of rotavirus vaccination against T1D across diverse populations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/1/50rotavirus vaccinetype 1 diabetes mellitusvaccinationchild |
| spellingShingle | Chrysoula Kosmeri Achilleas Klapas Nikolas Evripidou Evanthia Kantza Anastasios Serbis Ekaterini Siomou Fani Ladomenou Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Vaccines rotavirus vaccine type 1 diabetes mellitus vaccination child |
| title | Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | rotavirus vaccination protects against diabetes mellitus type 1 in children in developed countries a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | rotavirus vaccine type 1 diabetes mellitus vaccination child |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/1/50 |
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