Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions
ABSTRACT A 10‐year‐old female neutered Labrador Retriever presented with epistaxis, discoloration and crusting of the nose and a necrotic lesion on the lip. Bloodwork revealed pancytopenia, azotemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. Aggregates of amorphous basophilic material were seen in a ro...
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Wiley
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70084 |
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| author | Myrto Spyropoulou Ivan Montanes‐Sancho Adam G. Gow Suzanne Bussey |
| author_facet | Myrto Spyropoulou Ivan Montanes‐Sancho Adam G. Gow Suzanne Bussey |
| author_sort | Myrto Spyropoulou |
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| description | ABSTRACT A 10‐year‐old female neutered Labrador Retriever presented with epistaxis, discoloration and crusting of the nose and a necrotic lesion on the lip. Bloodwork revealed pancytopenia, azotemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. Aggregates of amorphous basophilic material were seen in a room‐temperature blood smear which were not present in the sample after warming to 37°C, and grossly a cryoprecipitate was noted in the patient's serum at 4°C. This was interpreted as cryoglobulin. Computed tomography showed multiple heterogeneous lesions in the spleen. Cytology of the splenic lesions revealed marked plasma cell infiltration, consistent with neoplasia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed an increased proportion of plasma cells (approximately 38% of the total cells). Serum protein electrophoresis showed a monoclonal spike in the gamma globulin region. A diagnosis of multiple myeloma associated with cryoglobulinemia was made. The patient received palliative care with prednisolone while the owner was considering chemotherapy. However, she rapidly deteriorated and was euthanized. The combination of cryoglobulin precipitation and hyperviscosity syndrome was considered responsible for the patient's original symptoms. Cryoglobulinemia is an extremely rare phenomenon that is often associated with lymphoproliferative disorders. This report describes its association with multiple myeloma in a dog presenting with atypical initial signs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a3e45565950146b887ddd7fb4368be56 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2053-1095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-a3e45565950146b887ddd7fb4368be562025-01-20T17:16:45ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine and Science2053-10952024-11-01106n/an/a10.1002/vms3.70084Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin LesionsMyrto Spyropoulou0Ivan Montanes‐Sancho1Adam G. Gow2Suzanne Bussey3Easter Bush Pathology The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UKHospital for Small Animals The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UKHospital for Small Animals The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UKEaster Bush Pathology The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UKABSTRACT A 10‐year‐old female neutered Labrador Retriever presented with epistaxis, discoloration and crusting of the nose and a necrotic lesion on the lip. Bloodwork revealed pancytopenia, azotemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. Aggregates of amorphous basophilic material were seen in a room‐temperature blood smear which were not present in the sample after warming to 37°C, and grossly a cryoprecipitate was noted in the patient's serum at 4°C. This was interpreted as cryoglobulin. Computed tomography showed multiple heterogeneous lesions in the spleen. Cytology of the splenic lesions revealed marked plasma cell infiltration, consistent with neoplasia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed an increased proportion of plasma cells (approximately 38% of the total cells). Serum protein electrophoresis showed a monoclonal spike in the gamma globulin region. A diagnosis of multiple myeloma associated with cryoglobulinemia was made. The patient received palliative care with prednisolone while the owner was considering chemotherapy. However, she rapidly deteriorated and was euthanized. The combination of cryoglobulin precipitation and hyperviscosity syndrome was considered responsible for the patient's original symptoms. Cryoglobulinemia is an extremely rare phenomenon that is often associated with lymphoproliferative disorders. This report describes its association with multiple myeloma in a dog presenting with atypical initial signs.https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70084bloodcaninehaematologylymphoproliferativemonoclonalneoplasia |
| spellingShingle | Myrto Spyropoulou Ivan Montanes‐Sancho Adam G. Gow Suzanne Bussey Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions Veterinary Medicine and Science blood canine haematology lymphoproliferative monoclonal neoplasia |
| title | Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions |
| title_full | Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions |
| title_fullStr | Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions |
| title_short | Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions |
| title_sort | cryoglobulinemia associated with multiple myeloma in a dog presenting with epistaxis and skin lesions |
| topic | blood canine haematology lymphoproliferative monoclonal neoplasia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70084 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT myrtospyropoulou cryoglobulinemiaassociatedwithmultiplemyelomainadogpresentingwithepistaxisandskinlesions AT ivanmontanessancho cryoglobulinemiaassociatedwithmultiplemyelomainadogpresentingwithepistaxisandskinlesions AT adamggow cryoglobulinemiaassociatedwithmultiplemyelomainadogpresentingwithepistaxisandskinlesions AT suzannebussey cryoglobulinemiaassociatedwithmultiplemyelomainadogpresentingwithepistaxisandskinlesions |