The Acute Effects of Combined Isometric and Plyometric Conditioning Activities on Sprint Acceleration and Jump Performance in Elite Junior Sprinters
This study investigates the acute effects of a combined isometric and plyometric unilateral conditioning activity (CA) on post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) in junior elite sprinters. The rationale for combining isometric and plyometric exercises lies in their complementary effects: isom...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/4/2125 |
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| Summary: | This study investigates the acute effects of a combined isometric and plyometric unilateral conditioning activity (CA) on post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) in junior elite sprinters. The rationale for combining isometric and plyometric exercises lies in their complementary effects: isometric exercises enhance neuromuscular activation, while plyometric exercises may exploit the stretch–shortening cycle to maximize power output. Thirteen sprinters (10 males, three females) performed countermovement jumps (CMJ) and 50 m sprints before and after the CA protocol, which involved Bulgarian split squats (15% body mass) and single-leg hops. Performance metrics, including sprint times, CMJ height, and modified reactive strength index (RSImod), were recorded and analyzed. Results showed a significant improvement in CMJ height (2.6 ± 3.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and RSI (4.1 ± 7.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.038), alongside a reduction in 20 m sprint time (−0.8 ± 1.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.012). No significant changes were observed in 40 m and 50 m sprint times or ground contact and flight times. These findings suggest that the applied CA selectively enhances sprint acceleration and vertical jumping performance, with a minimal impact on sprint distances above 20 m. This study underscores the potential of incorporating combined isometric and plyometric CAs into sprint training to optimize short-distance performance, though further research is needed to refine exercise protocols and explore long-term effects. |
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| ISSN: | 2076-3417 |