Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term Holter as reference
Background Wearables satisfactorily detect atrial fibrillation (AF) longer than 1 hour. Our study aims to evaluate smartwatch performances for long-term AF monitoring, including AF with short durations. Methods This prospective study enrolled AF patients from 2020 to 2023. Diagnostic efficacy of the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Digital Health |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251314105 |
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| author | Yannan Pan Erdong Chen Shihui Jie Dongbo Huo Zhongru Ding Jing Zhou Jie Jiang Jianping Li Yong Huo |
| author_facet | Yannan Pan Erdong Chen Shihui Jie Dongbo Huo Zhongru Ding Jing Zhou Jie Jiang Jianping Li Yong Huo |
| author_sort | Yannan Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Wearables satisfactorily detect atrial fibrillation (AF) longer than 1 hour. Our study aims to evaluate smartwatch performances for long-term AF monitoring, including AF with short durations. Methods This prospective study enrolled AF patients from 2020 to 2023. Diagnostic efficacy of the Amazfit smartwatch, with AF-identifying algorithms from photoplethysmography (PPG) and single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), was compared with a 7-day Holter. Primary analysis included smartwatch diagnostics to identify AF longer than 5 minutes. Secondary analyses evaluated smartwatch performances under different settings and compared AF burdens between the smartwatch and Holter. Results The study analyzed 72 patients (48 males, mean age 65.4 ± 8.5) with 914 AF episodes lasting 834.7 hours, including 142 longer-than-5-minute AF episodes. Smartwatch recording time was 8927.6 hours. By individual, sensitivities and specificities of AF longer than 5 minutes were 100.0% and 83.7% for PPG and 89.7% and 67.4% for the ECG algorithm. Positive and negative predictive values were 94.9% and 99.9% for PPG and 77.6% and 99.8% for ECG. Optimal AF durations to be identified by PPG and ECG algorithms were 1.358 and 16.708 minutes. Smartwatch performances varied across AF durations and between day-time and night-time. Strong correlations (PPG: ρ = 0.877; ECG: ρ = 0.769) and excellent agreements (PPG: ICC = 0.976; ECG: ICC = 0.927) were found between AF burdens calculated from smartwatch and Holter. Conclusions Compared with long-term Holter, the wearable smartwatch had satisfying qualitative and quantitative diagnostic performances for continuous AF monitoring. Susceptibility to false positives led to modest specificity. Smartwatch performances were affected by AF durations and time periods. Registration ChiCTR2000040035. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a32ba0189e254bc4b11da7bd97dd3415 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2055-2076 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Digital Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-a32ba0189e254bc4b11da7bd97dd34152025-01-23T14:03:21ZengSAGE PublishingDigital Health2055-20762025-01-011110.1177/20552076251314105Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term Holter as referenceYannan Pan0Erdong Chen1Shihui Jie2Dongbo Huo3Zhongru Ding4Jing Zhou5Jie Jiang6Jianping Li7Yong Huo8 Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, China Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, China Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, China Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, China Huami (Beijing) Information Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, China Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, China Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, China Department of Cardiology, , Beijing, ChinaBackground Wearables satisfactorily detect atrial fibrillation (AF) longer than 1 hour. Our study aims to evaluate smartwatch performances for long-term AF monitoring, including AF with short durations. Methods This prospective study enrolled AF patients from 2020 to 2023. Diagnostic efficacy of the Amazfit smartwatch, with AF-identifying algorithms from photoplethysmography (PPG) and single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), was compared with a 7-day Holter. Primary analysis included smartwatch diagnostics to identify AF longer than 5 minutes. Secondary analyses evaluated smartwatch performances under different settings and compared AF burdens between the smartwatch and Holter. Results The study analyzed 72 patients (48 males, mean age 65.4 ± 8.5) with 914 AF episodes lasting 834.7 hours, including 142 longer-than-5-minute AF episodes. Smartwatch recording time was 8927.6 hours. By individual, sensitivities and specificities of AF longer than 5 minutes were 100.0% and 83.7% for PPG and 89.7% and 67.4% for the ECG algorithm. Positive and negative predictive values were 94.9% and 99.9% for PPG and 77.6% and 99.8% for ECG. Optimal AF durations to be identified by PPG and ECG algorithms were 1.358 and 16.708 minutes. Smartwatch performances varied across AF durations and between day-time and night-time. Strong correlations (PPG: ρ = 0.877; ECG: ρ = 0.769) and excellent agreements (PPG: ICC = 0.976; ECG: ICC = 0.927) were found between AF burdens calculated from smartwatch and Holter. Conclusions Compared with long-term Holter, the wearable smartwatch had satisfying qualitative and quantitative diagnostic performances for continuous AF monitoring. Susceptibility to false positives led to modest specificity. Smartwatch performances were affected by AF durations and time periods. Registration ChiCTR2000040035.https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251314105 |
| spellingShingle | Yannan Pan Erdong Chen Shihui Jie Dongbo Huo Zhongru Ding Jing Zhou Jie Jiang Jianping Li Yong Huo Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term Holter as reference Digital Health |
| title | Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term
Holter as reference |
| title_full | Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term
Holter as reference |
| title_fullStr | Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term
Holter as reference |
| title_full_unstemmed | Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term
Holter as reference |
| title_short | Continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch: Using long-term
Holter as reference |
| title_sort | continuous atrial fibrillation monitoring using a wearable smartwatch using long term holter as reference |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251314105 |
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