Response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region

Abstract Landscape features have a profound impact on river water quality. However, its impact in subtropical hilly region is unclear. Here, water quality data from 15 catchments were obtained based on a typical subtropical hilly area, the upper Ganjiang River basin. The landscape features in the ca...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Biao Li, Xiaolei Huang, Qiang Zhong, Xiuxiu Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98575-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850146309181276160
author Biao Li
Xiaolei Huang
Qiang Zhong
Xiuxiu Wu
author_facet Biao Li
Xiaolei Huang
Qiang Zhong
Xiuxiu Wu
author_sort Biao Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Landscape features have a profound impact on river water quality. However, its impact in subtropical hilly region is unclear. Here, water quality data from 15 catchments were obtained based on a typical subtropical hilly area, the upper Ganjiang River basin. The landscape features in the catchment and buffer zone were calculated, and its effects on river water quality were investigated using redundancy analysis (RDA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) model. Catchment landscape features were found to better explain overall water quality changes compared to buffer zone, and landscape features were found to explain water quality changes more in winter than in summer. Moreover, within the buffer zone, the percentage of grassland had the greatest impact on winter water quality (72.8%), while at the catchment scale, the aggregation index (AI) of grassland contributed the most to changes in winter water quality (31.6%). Nonparametric change-point analysis (nCPA) was used to identify thresholds of landscape features that lead to abrupt changes in water quality. It was found that river water quality can be improved when the percentage of grassland > 0.193%, the largest patch index (LPI) of forest > 7.48% at the buffer zone or the percentage of impervious surfaces < 2.92%, the AI of forest > 98.6% at the catchment scale. This study demonstrated the pivotal role in enhancing river water quality by implementing informed and effective landscape planning for conservation implementation.
format Article
id doaj-art-a30fc9ce1cbc4fa2acf57d313c3cfa0b
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-a30fc9ce1cbc4fa2acf57d313c3cfa0b2025-08-20T02:27:53ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-98575-yResponse of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly regionBiao Li0Xiaolei Huang1Qiang Zhong2Xiuxiu Wu3National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in Southern China, Central South University of Forestry and TechnologySchool of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical UniversitySchool of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical UniversitySchool of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical UniversityAbstract Landscape features have a profound impact on river water quality. However, its impact in subtropical hilly region is unclear. Here, water quality data from 15 catchments were obtained based on a typical subtropical hilly area, the upper Ganjiang River basin. The landscape features in the catchment and buffer zone were calculated, and its effects on river water quality were investigated using redundancy analysis (RDA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) model. Catchment landscape features were found to better explain overall water quality changes compared to buffer zone, and landscape features were found to explain water quality changes more in winter than in summer. Moreover, within the buffer zone, the percentage of grassland had the greatest impact on winter water quality (72.8%), while at the catchment scale, the aggregation index (AI) of grassland contributed the most to changes in winter water quality (31.6%). Nonparametric change-point analysis (nCPA) was used to identify thresholds of landscape features that lead to abrupt changes in water quality. It was found that river water quality can be improved when the percentage of grassland > 0.193%, the largest patch index (LPI) of forest > 7.48% at the buffer zone or the percentage of impervious surfaces < 2.92%, the AI of forest > 98.6% at the catchment scale. This study demonstrated the pivotal role in enhancing river water quality by implementing informed and effective landscape planning for conservation implementation.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98575-yWater qualitySpatial scaleLandscape metricsRedundancy analysisAbrupt change point
spellingShingle Biao Li
Xiaolei Huang
Qiang Zhong
Xiuxiu Wu
Response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region
Scientific Reports
Water quality
Spatial scale
Landscape metrics
Redundancy analysis
Abrupt change point
title Response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region
title_full Response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region
title_fullStr Response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region
title_full_unstemmed Response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region
title_short Response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region
title_sort response of river water quality to landscape features in a subtropical hilly region
topic Water quality
Spatial scale
Landscape metrics
Redundancy analysis
Abrupt change point
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98575-y
work_keys_str_mv AT biaoli responseofriverwaterqualitytolandscapefeaturesinasubtropicalhillyregion
AT xiaoleihuang responseofriverwaterqualitytolandscapefeaturesinasubtropicalhillyregion
AT qiangzhong responseofriverwaterqualitytolandscapefeaturesinasubtropicalhillyregion
AT xiuxiuwu responseofriverwaterqualitytolandscapefeaturesinasubtropicalhillyregion