Inflammatory Mediators in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Tissue responses to an inflammatory stimulus (such as vasodilation, plasma exudation invasion and activation of inflammatory cells) are elicited by locally synthesized chemical mediators. Inhibition of biosynthesis and/or antagonism of action of these mediators is an important target of drug therapy...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
1990-01-01
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| Series: | Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1990/362497 |
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| Summary: | Tissue responses to an inflammatory stimulus (such as vasodilation,
plasma exudation invasion and activation of inflammatory cells) are elicited
by locally synthesized chemical mediators. Inhibition of biosynthesis and/or
antagonism of action of these mediators is an important target of drug therapy,
particularly when the cause of the disease is unknown. Recent investigations
have revealed that the mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients
synthesizes a number of inflammatory mediators in increased amounts. These
include the potent chemoattractant leukotricne B4, which seems to be responsible
for the increase in chemotactic activity found in IBO mucosa, and the
cysteinyl leukotrienes, which promote plasma leakage and induce edema formation.
Synthesis of leukotrienes in normal and inflamed mucosa is dose-dependently
inhibited by sulphasalazine, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and 4-aminosalicylic
acid, while indomethacin, which is devoid of therapeutic efficacy in IBD
patients, inhibits prostaglandin hut not leukotriene synthesis. These findings
suggest that in IBD, mucosal leukotrienes may be more important inflammatory
mediators than prostaglandins. ln addition to arachidonic acid-derived products,
IBD mucosa generates platelet activating factor and various cytokines including
interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor, all of which have potent proinflammatory
actions. formation of most of these agents is inhibited by sulphasalazine
and 5-ASA. The relative importance and the interactions of the various inflammatory
mediators synthesized in IBD mucosa remain to be clarified. |
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| ISSN: | 0835-7900 |