Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responses

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a negative single-stranded RNA virus within the Filoviridae family and the causative agent of Ebola virus disease (EVD). Nonhuman primates (NHPs), including cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, are considered the gold standard animal model to interrogate mechanisms of EBOV pathogene...

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Main Authors: Amanda N. Pinski, Kevin J. Maroney, Andrea Marzi, Ilhem Messaoudi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2021-01-01
Series:Emerging Microbes and Infections
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2021.1942229
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author Amanda N. Pinski
Kevin J. Maroney
Andrea Marzi
Ilhem Messaoudi
author_facet Amanda N. Pinski
Kevin J. Maroney
Andrea Marzi
Ilhem Messaoudi
author_sort Amanda N. Pinski
collection DOAJ
description Ebola virus (EBOV) is a negative single-stranded RNA virus within the Filoviridae family and the causative agent of Ebola virus disease (EVD). Nonhuman primates (NHPs), including cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, are considered the gold standard animal model to interrogate mechanisms of EBOV pathogenesis. However, despite significant genetic similarity (>90%), NHP species display different clinical presentation following EBOV infection, notably a ∼1–2 days delay in disease progression. Consequently, evaluation of therapeutics is generally conducted in rhesus macaques, whereas cynomolgus macaques are utilized to determine efficacy of preventative treatments, notably vaccines. This observation is in line with reported differences in disease severity and host responses between these two NHP following infection with simian varicella virus, influenza A and SARS-CoV-2. However, the molecular underpinnings of these differential outcomes following viral infections remain poorly defined. In this study, we compared published transcriptional profiles obtained from cynomolgus and rhesus macaques infected with the EBOV-Makona Guinea C07 using bivariate and regression analyses to elucidate differences in host responses. We report the presence of a shared core of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) reflecting EVD pathology, including aberrant inflammation, lymphopenia, and coagulopathy. However, the magnitudes of change differed between the two macaque species. These findings suggest that the differential clinical presentation of EVD in these two species is mediated by altered transcriptional responses.
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spelling doaj-art-a186107343c246d2a1d6933b00a362982025-08-20T01:49:09ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512021-01-011011320133010.1080/22221751.2021.1942229Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responsesAmanda N. Pinski0Kevin J. Maroney1Andrea Marzi2Ilhem Messaoudi3Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine CA, USADepartment of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine CA, USALaboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, USADepartment of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine CA, USAEbola virus (EBOV) is a negative single-stranded RNA virus within the Filoviridae family and the causative agent of Ebola virus disease (EVD). Nonhuman primates (NHPs), including cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, are considered the gold standard animal model to interrogate mechanisms of EBOV pathogenesis. However, despite significant genetic similarity (>90%), NHP species display different clinical presentation following EBOV infection, notably a ∼1–2 days delay in disease progression. Consequently, evaluation of therapeutics is generally conducted in rhesus macaques, whereas cynomolgus macaques are utilized to determine efficacy of preventative treatments, notably vaccines. This observation is in line with reported differences in disease severity and host responses between these two NHP following infection with simian varicella virus, influenza A and SARS-CoV-2. However, the molecular underpinnings of these differential outcomes following viral infections remain poorly defined. In this study, we compared published transcriptional profiles obtained from cynomolgus and rhesus macaques infected with the EBOV-Makona Guinea C07 using bivariate and regression analyses to elucidate differences in host responses. We report the presence of a shared core of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) reflecting EVD pathology, including aberrant inflammation, lymphopenia, and coagulopathy. However, the magnitudes of change differed between the two macaque species. These findings suggest that the differential clinical presentation of EVD in these two species is mediated by altered transcriptional responses.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2021.1942229EBOVtranscriptomicsnonhuman primateNHPimmunitylongitudinal
spellingShingle Amanda N. Pinski
Kevin J. Maroney
Andrea Marzi
Ilhem Messaoudi
Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responses
Emerging Microbes and Infections
EBOV
transcriptomics
nonhuman primate
NHP
immunity
longitudinal
title Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responses
title_full Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responses
title_fullStr Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responses
title_full_unstemmed Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responses
title_short Distinct transcriptional responses to fatal Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species-specific immune responses
title_sort distinct transcriptional responses to fatal ebola virus infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques suggest species specific immune responses
topic EBOV
transcriptomics
nonhuman primate
NHP
immunity
longitudinal
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2021.1942229
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AT kevinjmaroney distincttranscriptionalresponsestofatalebolavirusinfectionincynomolgusandrhesusmacaquessuggestspeciesspecificimmuneresponses
AT andreamarzi distincttranscriptionalresponsestofatalebolavirusinfectionincynomolgusandrhesusmacaquessuggestspeciesspecificimmuneresponses
AT ilhemmessaoudi distincttranscriptionalresponsestofatalebolavirusinfectionincynomolgusandrhesusmacaquessuggestspeciesspecificimmuneresponses