Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed
Study Region: The 3000 km2 of the Panama Canal Watershed. Study Focus: This study provides insight into the spatiotemporal behavior of precipitation across the PCW11 Panama Canal Watershed utilizing 6-day rainfall records from 29 meteorological stations from 1950 to 2019. The focus interval of 2000–...
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581825000370 |
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| author | István Gábor Hatvani Nayara Azevedo de Castro Souza Russell S. Harmon Jorge A. Espinosa Zoltán Kern |
| author_facet | István Gábor Hatvani Nayara Azevedo de Castro Souza Russell S. Harmon Jorge A. Espinosa Zoltán Kern |
| author_sort | István Gábor Hatvani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Study Region: The 3000 km2 of the Panama Canal Watershed. Study Focus: This study provides insight into the spatiotemporal behavior of precipitation across the PCW11 Panama Canal Watershed utilizing 6-day rainfall records from 29 meteorological stations from 1950 to 2019. The focus interval of 2000–2017 offered the most complete spatiotemporal coverage of the long-term seasonal variability explored by hierarchical cluster analysis. Since the ENSO22 El Niño Southern Oscillation is a key driver of hydroclimate variability in central Panama, differences in the rainfall patterns during the six most prominent El Niño and La Niña events, having respective ENSO indices of > 1.80 and < ˗1.63, were compared to quasi-neutral conditions for the assigned hydroclimatological domains. New Hydrological Insights for the Region: Three spatial domains of similar patterns of seasonal and geographical distribution of rainfall were delineated in PCW by clustering the precipitation-seasonality time series. Stations in the northeastern and northwestern domains of the PCW experience higher average daily precipitation, influenced by the interplay of the annual movement of the ITCZ33 Intertropical Convergence Zone across Panama and weather systems over the Caribbean Sea. The southwestern group of stations reflect the drier conditions prevailing along Panama’s Pacific coast. The most significant ENSO effect is observed in the northeastern part of the PCW, which displays distinct rainfall patterns during the early and late stages of the annual wet season. Since an increase in consecutive La Niña events is expected, it may potentially lead to more precipitation, along with prolonged wet and shorter dry seasons. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a0f7831e38984d79ae46ff1e08fe6dab |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-5818 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies |
| spelling | doaj-art-a0f7831e38984d79ae46ff1e08fe6dab2025-02-03T04:16:44ZengElsevierJournal of Hydrology: Regional Studies2214-58182025-04-0158102213Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershedIstván Gábor Hatvani0Nayara Azevedo de Castro Souza1Russell S. Harmon2Jorge A. Espinosa3Zoltán Kern4Center of Environmental Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny 1, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, Budapest H-1121, HungaryCenter of Environmental Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny 1, Budapest H-1117, Hungary; Department of Geology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny 1, Budapest H-1117, HungaryDepartment of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27615 USA; Corresponding author.Autoridad del Canal de Panamá, Panama City, PanamaInstitute for Geological and Geochemical Research, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, Budapest H-1121, HungaryStudy Region: The 3000 km2 of the Panama Canal Watershed. Study Focus: This study provides insight into the spatiotemporal behavior of precipitation across the PCW11 Panama Canal Watershed utilizing 6-day rainfall records from 29 meteorological stations from 1950 to 2019. The focus interval of 2000–2017 offered the most complete spatiotemporal coverage of the long-term seasonal variability explored by hierarchical cluster analysis. Since the ENSO22 El Niño Southern Oscillation is a key driver of hydroclimate variability in central Panama, differences in the rainfall patterns during the six most prominent El Niño and La Niña events, having respective ENSO indices of > 1.80 and < ˗1.63, were compared to quasi-neutral conditions for the assigned hydroclimatological domains. New Hydrological Insights for the Region: Three spatial domains of similar patterns of seasonal and geographical distribution of rainfall were delineated in PCW by clustering the precipitation-seasonality time series. Stations in the northeastern and northwestern domains of the PCW experience higher average daily precipitation, influenced by the interplay of the annual movement of the ITCZ33 Intertropical Convergence Zone across Panama and weather systems over the Caribbean Sea. The southwestern group of stations reflect the drier conditions prevailing along Panama’s Pacific coast. The most significant ENSO effect is observed in the northeastern part of the PCW, which displays distinct rainfall patterns during the early and late stages of the annual wet season. Since an increase in consecutive La Niña events is expected, it may potentially lead to more precipitation, along with prolonged wet and shorter dry seasons.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581825000370Humid tropicsPrecipitation seasonalityCluster analysisPanama CanalENSO |
| spellingShingle | István Gábor Hatvani Nayara Azevedo de Castro Souza Russell S. Harmon Jorge A. Espinosa Zoltán Kern Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies Humid tropics Precipitation seasonality Cluster analysis Panama Canal ENSO |
| title | Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed |
| title_full | Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed |
| title_short | Assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed |
| title_sort | assessment of multidecadal precipitation seasonality in the panama canal watershed |
| topic | Humid tropics Precipitation seasonality Cluster analysis Panama Canal ENSO |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581825000370 |
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