Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal Connections
Numerous studies have investigated the formation of interhemispheric connections which are involved in high-ordered functions of the cerebral cortex in eutherian animals, including humans. The development of callosal axons, which transfer and integrate information between the right/left hemispheres...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/149060 |
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| author | Mitsuaki Nishikimi Koji Oishi Kazunori Nakajima |
| author_facet | Mitsuaki Nishikimi Koji Oishi Kazunori Nakajima |
| author_sort | Mitsuaki Nishikimi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Numerous studies have investigated the formation of interhemispheric connections which are involved in high-ordered functions of the cerebral cortex in eutherian animals, including humans. The development of callosal axons, which transfer and integrate information between the right/left hemispheres and represent the most prominent commissural system, must be strictly regulated. From the beginning of their growth, until reaching their targets in the contralateral cortex, the callosal axons are guided mainly by two environmental cues: (1) the midline structures and (2) neighboring? axons. Recent studies have shown the importance of axona guidance by such cues and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this paper, we review these guidance mechanisms during the development of the callosal neurons. Midline populations express and secrete guidance molecules, and “pioneer” axons as well as interactions between the medial and lateral axons are also involved in the axon pathfinding of the callosal neurons. Finally, we describe callosal dysgenesis in humans and mice, that results from a disruption of these navigational mechanisms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a048d584298641858ae3cb67ba7fa765 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-a048d584298641858ae3cb67ba7fa7652025-02-03T05:50:28ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432013-01-01201310.1155/2013/149060149060Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal ConnectionsMitsuaki Nishikimi0Koji Oishi1Kazunori Nakajima2Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, JapanDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, JapanDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, JapanNumerous studies have investigated the formation of interhemispheric connections which are involved in high-ordered functions of the cerebral cortex in eutherian animals, including humans. The development of callosal axons, which transfer and integrate information between the right/left hemispheres and represent the most prominent commissural system, must be strictly regulated. From the beginning of their growth, until reaching their targets in the contralateral cortex, the callosal axons are guided mainly by two environmental cues: (1) the midline structures and (2) neighboring? axons. Recent studies have shown the importance of axona guidance by such cues and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this paper, we review these guidance mechanisms during the development of the callosal neurons. Midline populations express and secrete guidance molecules, and “pioneer” axons as well as interactions between the medial and lateral axons are also involved in the axon pathfinding of the callosal neurons. Finally, we describe callosal dysgenesis in humans and mice, that results from a disruption of these navigational mechanisms.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/149060 |
| spellingShingle | Mitsuaki Nishikimi Koji Oishi Kazunori Nakajima Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal Connections Neural Plasticity |
| title | Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal Connections |
| title_full | Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal Connections |
| title_fullStr | Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal Connections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal Connections |
| title_short | Axon Guidance Mechanisms for Establishment of Callosal Connections |
| title_sort | axon guidance mechanisms for establishment of callosal connections |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/149060 |
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