Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. The role of T follicular helper (TFH) cells in EV71-infected children remains unclear in regulating humoral immunity. The frequency of circulating ICOShigh/PD-1highCXCR5+CD4+ TFH cells in the childr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/651872 |
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| author | Jianping Wu David Cui Xianzhi Yang Jianzhou Lou Jie Lin Xianfei Ye Zhimei Qin Li Huang Dejian Zhao Zhaoxia Huo Guoliang Xie Shufa Zheng Fei Yu Liwei Lu Yu Chen |
| author_facet | Jianping Wu David Cui Xianzhi Yang Jianzhou Lou Jie Lin Xianfei Ye Zhimei Qin Li Huang Dejian Zhao Zhaoxia Huo Guoliang Xie Shufa Zheng Fei Yu Liwei Lu Yu Chen |
| author_sort | Jianping Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. The role of T follicular helper (TFH) cells in EV71-infected children remains unclear in regulating humoral immunity. The frequency of circulating ICOShigh/PD-1highCXCR5+CD4+ TFH cells in the children with mild and severe EV71 infection and healthy controls (HC) was detected by flow cytometry, respectively. IL-21 and IL-6 mRNA expression and their serum levels, Bcl-6 mRNA expression, and specific neutralizing antibodies against EV71 (NAb-EV71) were measured. In the acute stage of patients with EV71 infection, increased frequencies of circulating TFH cells with ICOShigh and PD-1high expression in the mild and severe patients were observed, and the positive correlations among the frequencies of circulating TFH cells and the serum levels of IL-21, IL-6, and NAb-EV71 titres were detected, respectively. Moreover, the expressions of IL-6 and IL-21 mRNA in PBMCs from patients were also significantly higher than those of HC. However, further analysis did not reveal any significant differences between mild and severe patients. These data indicate a role of TFH cells and associated cytokines in modulating the humoral response during the pathogenesis of EV71 infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9fa74b6eeab04761b0af9e0765b98e0f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-9fa74b6eeab04761b0af9e0765b98e0f2025-02-03T05:58:44ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562014-01-01201410.1155/2014/651872651872Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 InfectionJianping Wu0David Cui1Xianzhi Yang2Jianzhou Lou3Jie Lin4Xianfei Ye5Zhimei Qin6Li Huang7Dejian Zhao8Zhaoxia Huo9Guoliang Xie10Shufa Zheng11Fei Yu12Liwei Lu13Yu Chen14Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Center of Community Health Service of Qingbo Street, Hangzhou 310002, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaDepartment of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong KongDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaEnterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. The role of T follicular helper (TFH) cells in EV71-infected children remains unclear in regulating humoral immunity. The frequency of circulating ICOShigh/PD-1highCXCR5+CD4+ TFH cells in the children with mild and severe EV71 infection and healthy controls (HC) was detected by flow cytometry, respectively. IL-21 and IL-6 mRNA expression and their serum levels, Bcl-6 mRNA expression, and specific neutralizing antibodies against EV71 (NAb-EV71) were measured. In the acute stage of patients with EV71 infection, increased frequencies of circulating TFH cells with ICOShigh and PD-1high expression in the mild and severe patients were observed, and the positive correlations among the frequencies of circulating TFH cells and the serum levels of IL-21, IL-6, and NAb-EV71 titres were detected, respectively. Moreover, the expressions of IL-6 and IL-21 mRNA in PBMCs from patients were also significantly higher than those of HC. However, further analysis did not reveal any significant differences between mild and severe patients. These data indicate a role of TFH cells and associated cytokines in modulating the humoral response during the pathogenesis of EV71 infection.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/651872 |
| spellingShingle | Jianping Wu David Cui Xianzhi Yang Jianzhou Lou Jie Lin Xianfei Ye Zhimei Qin Li Huang Dejian Zhao Zhaoxia Huo Guoliang Xie Shufa Zheng Fei Yu Liwei Lu Yu Chen Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection |
| title_full | Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection |
| title_fullStr | Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection |
| title_short | Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection |
| title_sort | increased frequency of circulating follicular helper t cells in children with hand foot and mouth disease caused by enterovirus 71 infection |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/651872 |
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