In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant Extracts
The medicinal potential of plant extracts, especially their antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral and cytotoxic properties, has gained significant attention in recent years. This study examined the in vitro bioactivities of several selected Greek medicinal plants, like <i>Eucalyptus globulus&l...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Aliki Tsakni Eirini Kyriakopoulou Sophia Letsiou Panagiotis Halvatsiotis Haralambos Rigopoulos Niki Vassilaki Dimitra Houhoula |
| author_facet | Aliki Tsakni Eirini Kyriakopoulou Sophia Letsiou Panagiotis Halvatsiotis Haralambos Rigopoulos Niki Vassilaki Dimitra Houhoula |
| author_sort | Aliki Tsakni |
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| description | The medicinal potential of plant extracts, especially their antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral and cytotoxic properties, has gained significant attention in recent years. This study examined the in vitro bioactivities of several selected Greek medicinal plants, like <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L., <i>Thymus vulgaris</i> L., <i>Salvia rosmarinus</i> L. and <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L., are well-known for their traditional therapeutic use. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against pathogenic bacteria. The antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH method, while the cytotoxicity of the plants was determined using the Alamar Blue method. In addition, the antiviral efficacy of the samples was tested against DENV in different cell lines. The majority of medicinal herbs demonstrated significant antimicrobial action (MIC = 30–3000 μg∙mL<sup>−1</sup>). The extracts showed great antioxidant activity, while the <i>Salvia rosmarinus</i> L. extract turned out to be the most effective (IC<sub>50</sub> = 12.89 ± 0.11 μg∙mL<sup>−1</sup>). In contrast, the extract of <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L. had the lowest antioxidant action (IC<sub>50</sub> = 71.02 ± 0.42 μg∙mL<sup>−1</sup>). The results of the Alamar Blue method were presented with CC<sub>50</sub> values, and it was shown that <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L. extract exhibited the highest cytotoxicity (CC<sub>50</sub> = 5.94% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> ± 0.04). Similarly, the results of the antiviral potential of extracts were expressed as EC<sub>50</sub> values, and <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L. was characterized as the most effective sample against dengue virus infection, with EC<sub>50</sub> values estimated at 2.37% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> ± 0.6 (HuhD-2 cells infected with DENV-2) and 0.36% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> ± 0.004 (Huh7.5 cells infected with DVR2A). These findings provide a foundation for further studies in order to combat infectious diseases and promote human health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f25f12cc3d34fc5b7a50d39d69c1007 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-9f25f12cc3d34fc5b7a50d39d69c10072025-01-24T13:42:56ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-01-0113117710.3390/microorganisms13010177In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant ExtractsAliki Tsakni0Eirini Kyriakopoulou1Sophia Letsiou2Panagiotis Halvatsiotis3Haralambos Rigopoulos4Niki Vassilaki5Dimitra Houhoula6Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “ATTIKON” University Hospital, 12461 Chaidari, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, GreeceThe medicinal potential of plant extracts, especially their antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral and cytotoxic properties, has gained significant attention in recent years. This study examined the in vitro bioactivities of several selected Greek medicinal plants, like <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L., <i>Thymus vulgaris</i> L., <i>Salvia rosmarinus</i> L. and <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L., are well-known for their traditional therapeutic use. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against pathogenic bacteria. The antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH method, while the cytotoxicity of the plants was determined using the Alamar Blue method. In addition, the antiviral efficacy of the samples was tested against DENV in different cell lines. The majority of medicinal herbs demonstrated significant antimicrobial action (MIC = 30–3000 μg∙mL<sup>−1</sup>). The extracts showed great antioxidant activity, while the <i>Salvia rosmarinus</i> L. extract turned out to be the most effective (IC<sub>50</sub> = 12.89 ± 0.11 μg∙mL<sup>−1</sup>). In contrast, the extract of <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L. had the lowest antioxidant action (IC<sub>50</sub> = 71.02 ± 0.42 μg∙mL<sup>−1</sup>). The results of the Alamar Blue method were presented with CC<sub>50</sub> values, and it was shown that <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L. extract exhibited the highest cytotoxicity (CC<sub>50</sub> = 5.94% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> ± 0.04). Similarly, the results of the antiviral potential of extracts were expressed as EC<sub>50</sub> values, and <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> L. was characterized as the most effective sample against dengue virus infection, with EC<sub>50</sub> values estimated at 2.37% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> ± 0.6 (HuhD-2 cells infected with DENV-2) and 0.36% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> ± 0.004 (Huh7.5 cells infected with DVR2A). These findings provide a foundation for further studies in order to combat infectious diseases and promote human health.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/177natural extractsantioxidant activityantimicrobial propertiescytotoxicitydengue virus |
| spellingShingle | Aliki Tsakni Eirini Kyriakopoulou Sophia Letsiou Panagiotis Halvatsiotis Haralambos Rigopoulos Niki Vassilaki Dimitra Houhoula In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant Extracts Microorganisms natural extracts antioxidant activity antimicrobial properties cytotoxicity dengue virus |
| title | In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant Extracts |
| title_full | In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant Extracts |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant Extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant Extracts |
| title_short | In Vitro Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antiviral Properties of Greek Plant Extracts |
| title_sort | in vitro determination of antimicrobial antioxidant and antiviral properties of greek plant extracts |
| topic | natural extracts antioxidant activity antimicrobial properties cytotoxicity dengue virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/177 |
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