Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting typically synovial joints and leading to progressive articular damage, disability, and reduced quality of life. Despite better recent therapeutic strategies improving long-term outcomes, RA is associated with a high rate of comorbidities...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8410182 |
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| author | Piero Ruscitti Paola Di Benedetto Onorina Berardicurti Vasiliki Liakouli Francesco Carubbi Paola Cipriani Roberto Giacomelli |
| author_facet | Piero Ruscitti Paola Di Benedetto Onorina Berardicurti Vasiliki Liakouli Francesco Carubbi Paola Cipriani Roberto Giacomelli |
| author_sort | Piero Ruscitti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting typically synovial joints and leading to progressive articular damage, disability, and reduced quality of life. Despite better recent therapeutic strategies improving long-term outcomes, RA is associated with a high rate of comorbidities, infections, malignancies, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Remarkably, some well-known pathogenic proinflammatory mediators in RA, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), may play a pivotal role in the development of CVD. Interestingly, different preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that biologic agents commonly used to treat RA patients may be effective in improving CVD. In this context, the contribution of adipocytokines has been suggested. Adipocytokines are pleiotropic molecules, mainly released by white adipose tissue and immune cells. Adipocytokines modulate the function of different tissues and cells, and in addition to energy homeostasis and metabolism, amplify inflammation, immune response, and tissue damage. Adipocytokines may contribute to the proinflammatory state in RA patients and development of bone damage. Furthermore, they could be associated with the occurrence of CVD. In this study, we reviewed available evidence about adipocytokines in RA, because of their involvement in disease activity, associated CVD, and possible biomarkers of prognosis and treatment outcome and because of their potential as a possible new therapeutic target. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9eff16f79217436babfd18df213277a2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-9eff16f79217436babfd18df213277a22025-02-03T06:44:17ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562018-01-01201810.1155/2018/84101828410182Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic ComorbiditiesPiero Ruscitti0Paola Di Benedetto1Onorina Berardicurti2Vasiliki Liakouli3Francesco Carubbi4Paola Cipriani5Roberto Giacomelli6Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Delta 6 Building, L’Aquila, PO Box 67100, ItalyRheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Delta 6 Building, L’Aquila, PO Box 67100, ItalyRheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Delta 6 Building, L’Aquila, PO Box 67100, ItalyRheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Delta 6 Building, L’Aquila, PO Box 67100, ItalyRheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Delta 6 Building, L’Aquila, PO Box 67100, ItalyRheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Delta 6 Building, L’Aquila, PO Box 67100, ItalyRheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Delta 6 Building, L’Aquila, PO Box 67100, ItalyRheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting typically synovial joints and leading to progressive articular damage, disability, and reduced quality of life. Despite better recent therapeutic strategies improving long-term outcomes, RA is associated with a high rate of comorbidities, infections, malignancies, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Remarkably, some well-known pathogenic proinflammatory mediators in RA, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), may play a pivotal role in the development of CVD. Interestingly, different preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that biologic agents commonly used to treat RA patients may be effective in improving CVD. In this context, the contribution of adipocytokines has been suggested. Adipocytokines are pleiotropic molecules, mainly released by white adipose tissue and immune cells. Adipocytokines modulate the function of different tissues and cells, and in addition to energy homeostasis and metabolism, amplify inflammation, immune response, and tissue damage. Adipocytokines may contribute to the proinflammatory state in RA patients and development of bone damage. Furthermore, they could be associated with the occurrence of CVD. In this study, we reviewed available evidence about adipocytokines in RA, because of their involvement in disease activity, associated CVD, and possible biomarkers of prognosis and treatment outcome and because of their potential as a possible new therapeutic target.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8410182 |
| spellingShingle | Piero Ruscitti Paola Di Benedetto Onorina Berardicurti Vasiliki Liakouli Francesco Carubbi Paola Cipriani Roberto Giacomelli Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities |
| title_full | Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities |
| title_fullStr | Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities |
| title_short | Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities |
| title_sort | adipocytokines in rheumatoid arthritis the hidden link between inflammation and cardiometabolic comorbidities |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8410182 |
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