Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review
Objective. Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, which affects women of all ages. With numerous controversies as regards to the nomenclature, diagnosis and its association with neoplastic conditions, we decided to conduct a scoping review on this subject. Data Source. A r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Obstetrics and Gynecology International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7480754 |
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| _version_ | 1832554969887145984 |
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| author | Nilanchali Singh Prafull Ghatage |
| author_facet | Nilanchali Singh Prafull Ghatage |
| author_sort | Nilanchali Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective. Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, which affects women of all ages. With numerous controversies as regards to the nomenclature, diagnosis and its association with neoplastic conditions, we decided to conduct a scoping review on this subject. Data Source. A review protocol was developed, and the Knowledge Resource Services website was used to do a search of articles pertaining to VLS with keywords “Vulvar,” “Vulval,” “diagnosis,” “lichen sclerosus et atrophicus,” “kraurosis,” “vulvar dystrophy,” and “Lichen Sclerosus”. Study Selection. The search was limited to published data from the last ten years, i.e., from July 2009 onwards and in the English language. A total of 338 articles pertaining to VLS were obtained. Older data were accessed if particular information was sought for. Results & Conclusion. The presentation is bimodal, i.e., one in prepubertal girls (average age: 7.6 years) and the other in peri- and postmenopausal women (average age: 52.6 years). However, many cases also present during reproductive years. Studies suggest a multifactorial origin as far as etiology is concerned, including a genetic, autoimmune, hormonal, and local infectious background. It affects the genital labial, perineal, and perianal areas and manifests as a patchy, thin, glistening, ivory-white area. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical features. Biopsy is seldom required. It has been well established as a precursor lesion of dVIN and vulvar carcinoma. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9d76b0fc0217483496c61abfaca1e1fc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-9589 1687-9597 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Obstetrics and Gynecology International |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d76b0fc0217483496c61abfaca1e1fc2025-02-03T05:49:55ZengWileyObstetrics and Gynecology International1687-95891687-95972020-01-01202010.1155/2020/74807547480754Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping ReviewNilanchali Singh0Prafull Ghatage1Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaObjective. Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, which affects women of all ages. With numerous controversies as regards to the nomenclature, diagnosis and its association with neoplastic conditions, we decided to conduct a scoping review on this subject. Data Source. A review protocol was developed, and the Knowledge Resource Services website was used to do a search of articles pertaining to VLS with keywords “Vulvar,” “Vulval,” “diagnosis,” “lichen sclerosus et atrophicus,” “kraurosis,” “vulvar dystrophy,” and “Lichen Sclerosus”. Study Selection. The search was limited to published data from the last ten years, i.e., from July 2009 onwards and in the English language. A total of 338 articles pertaining to VLS were obtained. Older data were accessed if particular information was sought for. Results & Conclusion. The presentation is bimodal, i.e., one in prepubertal girls (average age: 7.6 years) and the other in peri- and postmenopausal women (average age: 52.6 years). However, many cases also present during reproductive years. Studies suggest a multifactorial origin as far as etiology is concerned, including a genetic, autoimmune, hormonal, and local infectious background. It affects the genital labial, perineal, and perianal areas and manifests as a patchy, thin, glistening, ivory-white area. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical features. Biopsy is seldom required. It has been well established as a precursor lesion of dVIN and vulvar carcinoma.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7480754 |
| spellingShingle | Nilanchali Singh Prafull Ghatage Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review Obstetrics and Gynecology International |
| title | Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review |
| title_full | Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review |
| title_fullStr | Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review |
| title_short | Etiology, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review |
| title_sort | etiology clinical features and diagnosis of vulvar lichen sclerosus a scoping review |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7480754 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nilanchalisingh etiologyclinicalfeaturesanddiagnosisofvulvarlichensclerosusascopingreview AT prafullghatage etiologyclinicalfeaturesanddiagnosisofvulvarlichensclerosusascopingreview |