Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based Materials
Magnesium-based materials, which are known for their light weight and exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, hold immense promise in the biomedical, automotive, aerospace, and military sectors. However, their inherent limitations, including low wear resistance and poor mechanical properties, have dri...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| author | Sachin Kumar Sharma Sandra Gajević Lokesh Kumar Sharma Dhanesh G. Mohan Yogesh Sharma Mladen Radojković Blaža Stojanović |
| author_facet | Sachin Kumar Sharma Sandra Gajević Lokesh Kumar Sharma Dhanesh G. Mohan Yogesh Sharma Mladen Radojković Blaža Stojanović |
| author_sort | Sachin Kumar Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Magnesium-based materials, which are known for their light weight and exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, hold immense promise in the biomedical, automotive, aerospace, and military sectors. However, their inherent limitations, including low wear resistance and poor mechanical properties, have driven the development of magnesium-based metal matrix composites (Mg-MMCs). The pivotal role of powder metallurgy (PM) in fabricating Mg-MMCs was explored, enhancing their mechanical and corrosion resistance characteristics. The mechanical characteristics depend upon the fabrication methodology, composition, processing technique, and reinforcement added to the magnesium. PM is identified as the most efficient due to its ability to produce near-net shape composites with high precision, cost-effectiveness, and minimal waste. Furthermore, PM enables precise control over critical processing parameters, such as compaction pressure, sintering temperature, and particle size, which directly influence the composite’s microstructure and properties. This study highlights various reinforcements, mainly carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene nanoparticles (GNPs), silicon carbide (SiC), and hydroxyapatite (HAp), and their effects on improving wear, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength. Among these, CNTs emerge as a standout reinforcement due to their ability to enhance multiple properties when used at optimal weight fractions. Further, this study delves into the interaction between reinforcement types and matrix materials, emphasizing the importance of uniform dispersion in preventing porosity and improving durability. Optimal PM conditions, such as a compaction pressure of 450 MPa, sintering temperatures between 550 and 600 °C, and sintering times of 2 h, are recommended for achieving superior mechanical performance. Emerging trends in reinforcement materials, including nanostructures and bioactive particles, are also discussed, underscoring their potential to widen the application spectrum of Mg-MMCs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9cf04767ab1d4acbb21453fcdb63bcee |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj-art-9cf04767ab1d4acbb21453fcdb63bcee2025-01-24T13:44:06ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912025-01-011529210.3390/nano15020092Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based MaterialsSachin Kumar Sharma0Sandra Gajević1Lokesh Kumar Sharma2Dhanesh G. Mohan3Yogesh Sharma4Mladen Radojković5Blaža Stojanović6Surface Science and Tribology Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiv Nadar Institute of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar 201314, IndiaFaculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, SestreJanjić 6, 34000 Kragujevac, SerbiaDepartment of Physics, GLA University, Mathura 281406, IndiaSchool of Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Sunderland, Sunderland SR6 0DD, UKDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Applied and Basic Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram 122505, IndiaFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Kneza Miloša 7, 22202 Kosovska Mitrovica, SerbiaFaculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, SestreJanjić 6, 34000 Kragujevac, SerbiaMagnesium-based materials, which are known for their light weight and exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, hold immense promise in the biomedical, automotive, aerospace, and military sectors. However, their inherent limitations, including low wear resistance and poor mechanical properties, have driven the development of magnesium-based metal matrix composites (Mg-MMCs). The pivotal role of powder metallurgy (PM) in fabricating Mg-MMCs was explored, enhancing their mechanical and corrosion resistance characteristics. The mechanical characteristics depend upon the fabrication methodology, composition, processing technique, and reinforcement added to the magnesium. PM is identified as the most efficient due to its ability to produce near-net shape composites with high precision, cost-effectiveness, and minimal waste. Furthermore, PM enables precise control over critical processing parameters, such as compaction pressure, sintering temperature, and particle size, which directly influence the composite’s microstructure and properties. This study highlights various reinforcements, mainly carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene nanoparticles (GNPs), silicon carbide (SiC), and hydroxyapatite (HAp), and their effects on improving wear, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength. Among these, CNTs emerge as a standout reinforcement due to their ability to enhance multiple properties when used at optimal weight fractions. Further, this study delves into the interaction between reinforcement types and matrix materials, emphasizing the importance of uniform dispersion in preventing porosity and improving durability. Optimal PM conditions, such as a compaction pressure of 450 MPa, sintering temperatures between 550 and 600 °C, and sintering times of 2 h, are recommended for achieving superior mechanical performance. Emerging trends in reinforcement materials, including nanostructures and bioactive particles, are also discussed, underscoring their potential to widen the application spectrum of Mg-MMCs.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/2/92reinforcementfabrication methodologymetal matrix compositepowder metallurgyprocessing parameters |
| spellingShingle | Sachin Kumar Sharma Sandra Gajević Lokesh Kumar Sharma Dhanesh G. Mohan Yogesh Sharma Mladen Radojković Blaža Stojanović Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based Materials Nanomaterials reinforcement fabrication methodology metal matrix composite powder metallurgy processing parameters |
| title | Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based Materials |
| title_full | Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based Materials |
| title_fullStr | Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based Materials |
| title_short | Significance of the Powder Metallurgy Approach and Its Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium-Based Materials |
| title_sort | significance of the powder metallurgy approach and its processing parameters on the mechanical behavior of magnesium based materials |
| topic | reinforcement fabrication methodology metal matrix composite powder metallurgy processing parameters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/2/92 |
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