Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment
The chemical composition, distribution, and fate of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) present in typical pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants were investigated with the aim of effectively removing these pollutants while minimizing waste of resources and energy. The results of this stud...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2674852 |
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| author | Qiao Luo Jing Wang JianHui Wang Yu Shen Peng Yan YouPeng Chen ChengCheng Zhang |
| author_facet | Qiao Luo Jing Wang JianHui Wang Yu Shen Peng Yan YouPeng Chen ChengCheng Zhang |
| author_sort | Qiao Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The chemical composition, distribution, and fate of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) present in typical pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants were investigated with the aim of effectively removing these pollutants while minimizing waste of resources and energy. The results of this study indicate that the relative content of an organic compound class is unrelated to the number of organic compounds in the influent and effluent, yet it is directly proportional to the pollution contribution in pharmaceutical wastewater. In wastewater influent, the organic compound classes with the highest relative contents and pollution contributions were acids (relative content = 63.65%, contribution to pollution = 67.22%), esters (44.96%, 41.24%), and heterocyclic compounds (30.24%, 35.23%); in wastewater effluent, these classes were organic acids (62.54%, 65.13%), esters (52.66%, 59.02%), and organosilicon compounds (42.46%, 37.45%). The different physicochemical characteristics of these pollutants result in different removal efficiencies. For example, N,N-dimethylformamide, 4-methyloctane, N-ethylmorpholine, and 4-amino-N,N- and N,N-diethylbenzamide are refractory and are not degraded by microorganisms; thus, these compounds are discharged into the aquatic environment. Other organic compound classes including organosilicon compounds, acids, esters, heterocycles, and alcohols are mostly biodegraded, which leads to high concentrations of hydrocarbons in the wastewater effluent. The results of this study provide a foundation for the improvement of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9b1ae723f92644d6af6cc4a3ab3cded9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-9063 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-9b1ae723f92644d6af6cc4a3ab3cded92025-02-03T06:11:33ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712019-01-01201910.1155/2019/26748522674852Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater TreatmentQiao Luo0Jing Wang1JianHui Wang2Yu Shen3Peng Yan4YouPeng Chen5ChengCheng Zhang6Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, ChinaChongqing Jianzhu College, Chongqing 400072, ChinaNational Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, ChinaKey Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, ChinaCollege of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, ChinaCollege of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, ChinaCollege of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, ChinaThe chemical composition, distribution, and fate of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) present in typical pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants were investigated with the aim of effectively removing these pollutants while minimizing waste of resources and energy. The results of this study indicate that the relative content of an organic compound class is unrelated to the number of organic compounds in the influent and effluent, yet it is directly proportional to the pollution contribution in pharmaceutical wastewater. In wastewater influent, the organic compound classes with the highest relative contents and pollution contributions were acids (relative content = 63.65%, contribution to pollution = 67.22%), esters (44.96%, 41.24%), and heterocyclic compounds (30.24%, 35.23%); in wastewater effluent, these classes were organic acids (62.54%, 65.13%), esters (52.66%, 59.02%), and organosilicon compounds (42.46%, 37.45%). The different physicochemical characteristics of these pollutants result in different removal efficiencies. For example, N,N-dimethylformamide, 4-methyloctane, N-ethylmorpholine, and 4-amino-N,N- and N,N-diethylbenzamide are refractory and are not degraded by microorganisms; thus, these compounds are discharged into the aquatic environment. Other organic compound classes including organosilicon compounds, acids, esters, heterocycles, and alcohols are mostly biodegraded, which leads to high concentrations of hydrocarbons in the wastewater effluent. The results of this study provide a foundation for the improvement of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2674852 |
| spellingShingle | Qiao Luo Jing Wang JianHui Wang Yu Shen Peng Yan YouPeng Chen ChengCheng Zhang Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full | Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment |
| title_short | Fate and Occurrence of Pharmaceutically Active Organic Compounds during Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment |
| title_sort | fate and occurrence of pharmaceutically active organic compounds during typical pharmaceutical wastewater treatment |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2674852 |
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