Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy
Background. Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy (THI) is a heterogeneous disorder caused by an abnormal delay in reaching normal IgG levels in the first three years of life. Although THI is a common primary immune deficiency, its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to...
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Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health
2022-04-01
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| Series: | The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/145 |
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| author | Ayça Emsen Hülya Uçaryılmaz Tuğba Güler Hasibe Artaç |
| author_facet | Ayça Emsen Hülya Uçaryılmaz Tuğba Güler Hasibe Artaç |
| author_sort | Ayça Emsen |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Background. Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy (THI) is a heterogeneous disorder caused by an abnormal delay in reaching normal IgG levels in the first three years of life. Although THI is a common primary immune deficiency, its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and B cells (Bregs) in the pathogenesis of THI.
Methods. T and B cell subsets were evaluated in 40 patients with THI aged 6-41 months and 23 healthy controls aged 6-51 months using flow cytometry. CD4 and interleukin-2 receptor-α alpha (CD25) expression and a lack of interleukin-7 receptor-α (CD127) were used for Treg identification. FoxP3 expression in Tregs was determined as a percentage and mean fluorescence intensity. B cell subsets (plasmablast, mature naive, primarily memory, new memory) and Bregs were defined according to CD19, CD38, and CD24 expressions.
Results. Patients with THI (15 females and 25 males; mean age: 18.8 ± 8.6 months) and controls (10 females and 13 males; mean age: 22.6 ± 13.1 months) participated in this study. While the proportion of Tregs of children with THI were significantly increased compared to the controls, primarily memory B cells were reduced. Additionally, the proportions of CD127 in CD3+ and CD3+CD4+ T cells were significantly reduced in the patients with THI compared to the control. No significant difference was detected in the FoxP3 expression of Tregs and the frequency of Bregs in the children with THI.
Conclusions. Increased Tregs and decreased primarily memory B cells may cause antibody production delay in children with THI. Changes in the T and B cell compartments may be related to chronic immune activation and affected cellular immunity in THI. Further studies are needed to use T and B cell subsets in the prediction of IgG level recovery.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9b1371ebb4e3473dbb0c3b4d3eeb2a6d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0041-4301 2791-6421 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-9b1371ebb4e3473dbb0c3b4d3eeb2a6d2025-08-20T03:01:10ZengHacettepe University Institute of Child HealthThe Turkish Journal of Pediatrics0041-43012791-64212022-04-0164210.24953/turkjped.2021.83Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancyAyça Emsen0Hülya Uçaryılmaz1Tuğba Güler2Hasibe Artaç3Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey. Background. Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy (THI) is a heterogeneous disorder caused by an abnormal delay in reaching normal IgG levels in the first three years of life. Although THI is a common primary immune deficiency, its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and B cells (Bregs) in the pathogenesis of THI. Methods. T and B cell subsets were evaluated in 40 patients with THI aged 6-41 months and 23 healthy controls aged 6-51 months using flow cytometry. CD4 and interleukin-2 receptor-α alpha (CD25) expression and a lack of interleukin-7 receptor-α (CD127) were used for Treg identification. FoxP3 expression in Tregs was determined as a percentage and mean fluorescence intensity. B cell subsets (plasmablast, mature naive, primarily memory, new memory) and Bregs were defined according to CD19, CD38, and CD24 expressions. Results. Patients with THI (15 females and 25 males; mean age: 18.8 ± 8.6 months) and controls (10 females and 13 males; mean age: 22.6 ± 13.1 months) participated in this study. While the proportion of Tregs of children with THI were significantly increased compared to the controls, primarily memory B cells were reduced. Additionally, the proportions of CD127 in CD3+ and CD3+CD4+ T cells were significantly reduced in the patients with THI compared to the control. No significant difference was detected in the FoxP3 expression of Tregs and the frequency of Bregs in the children with THI. Conclusions. Increased Tregs and decreased primarily memory B cells may cause antibody production delay in children with THI. Changes in the T and B cell compartments may be related to chronic immune activation and affected cellular immunity in THI. Further studies are needed to use T and B cell subsets in the prediction of IgG level recovery. https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/145regulatory B cellsregulatory T cellstransient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| spellingShingle | Ayça Emsen Hülya Uçaryılmaz Tuğba Güler Hasibe Artaç Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics regulatory B cells regulatory T cells transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| title | Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| title_full | Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| title_fullStr | Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| title_short | Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| title_sort | regulatory t and b cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| topic | regulatory B cells regulatory T cells transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy |
| url | https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/145 |
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