Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a therapeutic option for several diseases, but its effects on HPA axis activity and systemic inflammation are unknown. This study aimed to detect circulatory variations of corticosterone and cytokines levels in Wistar rats, after 21 days of DBS-at the ventrolateral pa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/698634 |
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| author | Juan Manuel Calleja-Castillo Dora Luz De La Cruz-Aguilera Joaquín Manjarrez Marco Antonio Velasco-Velázquez Gabriel Morales-Espinoza Julia Moreno-Aguilar Maria Eugenia Hernández Lucinda Aguirre-Cruz Lenin Pavón |
| author_facet | Juan Manuel Calleja-Castillo Dora Luz De La Cruz-Aguilera Joaquín Manjarrez Marco Antonio Velasco-Velázquez Gabriel Morales-Espinoza Julia Moreno-Aguilar Maria Eugenia Hernández Lucinda Aguirre-Cruz Lenin Pavón |
| author_sort | Juan Manuel Calleja-Castillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a therapeutic option for several diseases, but its effects on HPA axis activity and systemic inflammation are unknown. This study aimed to detect circulatory variations of corticosterone and cytokines levels in Wistar rats, after 21 days of DBS-at the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMHvl), unilateral cervical vagotomy (UCVgX), or UCVgX plus DBS. We included the respective control (C) and sham (S) groups (n=6 rats per group).
DBS treated rats had higher levels of TNF-α (120%; P<0.01) and IFN-γ (305%; P<0.001) but lower corticosterone concentration (48%; P<0.001) than C and S. UCVgX animals showed increased corticosterone levels (154%; P<0.001) versus C and S. UCVgX plus DBS increased IL-1β (402%; P<0.001), IL-6 (160%; P<0.001), and corsticosterone (178%; P<0.001 versus 48%; P<0.001) compared with the C and S groups.
Chronic DBS at VMHvl induced a systemic inflammatory response accompanied by a decrease of HPA axis function. UCVgX rats experienced HPA axis hyperactivity as result of vagus nerve injury; however, DBS was unable to block the HPA axis hyperactivity induced by unilateral cervical vagotomy. Further studies are necessary to explore these findings and their clinical implication. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9a8fe8bea68045ba985fc82dafaa4e35 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1740-2522 1740-2530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9a8fe8bea68045ba985fc82dafaa4e352025-02-03T01:27:15ZengWileyClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302013-01-01201310.1155/2013/698634698634Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory CytokinesJuan Manuel Calleja-Castillo0Dora Luz De La Cruz-Aguilera1Joaquín Manjarrez2Marco Antonio Velasco-Velázquez3Gabriel Morales-Espinoza4Julia Moreno-Aguilar5Maria Eugenia Hernández6Lucinda Aguirre-Cruz7Lenin Pavón8Laboratory of Neuroimmunoendocrinology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City, DF, MexicoLaboratory of Neuroimmunoendocrinology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City, DF, MexicoLaboratory of Reticular Formation Physiology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City, DF, MexicoDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, P.O. Box 70-297, Coyoacan, 04510 Mexico City, DF, MexicoLaboratory of Neuroimmunoendocrinology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City, DF, MexicoDepartment of Psychoimmunology, National Institute of Psychiatry “Ramón de la Fuente”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Mexico City, DF, MexicoDepartment of Psychoimmunology, National Institute of Psychiatry “Ramón de la Fuente”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Mexico City, DF, MexicoLaboratory of Neuroimmunoendocrinology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City, DF, MexicoDepartment of Psychoimmunology, National Institute of Psychiatry “Ramón de la Fuente”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Mexico City, DF, MexicoDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is a therapeutic option for several diseases, but its effects on HPA axis activity and systemic inflammation are unknown. This study aimed to detect circulatory variations of corticosterone and cytokines levels in Wistar rats, after 21 days of DBS-at the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMHvl), unilateral cervical vagotomy (UCVgX), or UCVgX plus DBS. We included the respective control (C) and sham (S) groups (n=6 rats per group). DBS treated rats had higher levels of TNF-α (120%; P<0.01) and IFN-γ (305%; P<0.001) but lower corticosterone concentration (48%; P<0.001) than C and S. UCVgX animals showed increased corticosterone levels (154%; P<0.001) versus C and S. UCVgX plus DBS increased IL-1β (402%; P<0.001), IL-6 (160%; P<0.001), and corsticosterone (178%; P<0.001 versus 48%; P<0.001) compared with the C and S groups. Chronic DBS at VMHvl induced a systemic inflammatory response accompanied by a decrease of HPA axis function. UCVgX rats experienced HPA axis hyperactivity as result of vagus nerve injury; however, DBS was unable to block the HPA axis hyperactivity induced by unilateral cervical vagotomy. Further studies are necessary to explore these findings and their clinical implication.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/698634 |
| spellingShingle | Juan Manuel Calleja-Castillo Dora Luz De La Cruz-Aguilera Joaquín Manjarrez Marco Antonio Velasco-Velázquez Gabriel Morales-Espinoza Julia Moreno-Aguilar Maria Eugenia Hernández Lucinda Aguirre-Cruz Lenin Pavón Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| title | Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines |
| title_full | Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines |
| title_fullStr | Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines |
| title_short | Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines |
| title_sort | chronic deep brain stimulation of the hypothalamic nucleus in wistar rats alters circulatory levels of corticosterone and proinflammatory cytokines |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/698634 |
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