Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in Tomato
Root-knot nematodes (<i>Meloidogyne</i> spp.; RKNs) are among the most destructive soil-borne pathogens affecting tomato production. Recently, aggressive species such as <i>M. enterolobii</i>, <i>M. floridensis</i>, and <i>M. haplanaria</i> have been r...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Horticulturae |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/1/36 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832588360201273344 |
|---|---|
| author | Nabin Poudel Luis Torres Richard F. Davis Ganpati B. Jagdale Theodore McAvoy Intiaz A. Chowdhury |
| author_facet | Nabin Poudel Luis Torres Richard F. Davis Ganpati B. Jagdale Theodore McAvoy Intiaz A. Chowdhury |
| author_sort | Nabin Poudel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Root-knot nematodes (<i>Meloidogyne</i> spp.; RKNs) are among the most destructive soil-borne pathogens affecting tomato production. Recently, aggressive species such as <i>M. enterolobii</i>, <i>M. floridensis</i>, and <i>M. haplanaria</i> have been reported in several tomato fields across the southern United States. Host resistance in tomato, effective against commonly prevalent <i>M. incognita</i>, is ineffective against these emerging species, making chemical nematicides the primary management approach. However, studies on the efficacy of chemical nematicides on these emerging RKN species remain limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of four non-fumigant nematicides—fluazaindolizine, fluensulfone, fluopyram, and oxamyl—on the reproduction of these emerging species and <i>M. incognita</i>. Fluensulfone consistently suppressed nematode reproduction by over 90.0% across all species. Fluopyram reduced reproduction by over 50.0% in most species but was less effective against <i>M. enterolobii,</i> with suppression of only 24.3%. Similarly, fluazaindolizine suppressed egg counts by more than 50.0% across all species except <i>M. enterolobii</i>, where it suppressed only 41.1%. Oxamyl suppressed egg counts in <i>M. floridensis</i> and <i>M. incognita</i> by more than 50.0%, but reductions in <i>M. enterolobii</i> and <i>M. haplanaria</i> were lower at 23.2% and 38.7%, respectively. These results highlight species-specific differences in nematicide efficacy and provide a crucial baseline for future research for the management of specific RKN species. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9a687cc1fca340fe9e73e59bc42983f1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj-art-9a687cc1fca340fe9e73e59bc42983f12025-01-24T13:34:33ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242025-01-011113610.3390/horticulturae11010036Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in TomatoNabin Poudel0Luis Torres1Richard F. Davis2Ganpati B. Jagdale3Theodore McAvoy4Intiaz A. Chowdhury5Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USADepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USACrop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Tifton, GA 31793, USAExtension Nematology Lab, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USADepartment of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USADepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USARoot-knot nematodes (<i>Meloidogyne</i> spp.; RKNs) are among the most destructive soil-borne pathogens affecting tomato production. Recently, aggressive species such as <i>M. enterolobii</i>, <i>M. floridensis</i>, and <i>M. haplanaria</i> have been reported in several tomato fields across the southern United States. Host resistance in tomato, effective against commonly prevalent <i>M. incognita</i>, is ineffective against these emerging species, making chemical nematicides the primary management approach. However, studies on the efficacy of chemical nematicides on these emerging RKN species remain limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of four non-fumigant nematicides—fluazaindolizine, fluensulfone, fluopyram, and oxamyl—on the reproduction of these emerging species and <i>M. incognita</i>. Fluensulfone consistently suppressed nematode reproduction by over 90.0% across all species. Fluopyram reduced reproduction by over 50.0% in most species but was less effective against <i>M. enterolobii,</i> with suppression of only 24.3%. Similarly, fluazaindolizine suppressed egg counts by more than 50.0% across all species except <i>M. enterolobii</i>, where it suppressed only 41.1%. Oxamyl suppressed egg counts in <i>M. floridensis</i> and <i>M. incognita</i> by more than 50.0%, but reductions in <i>M. enterolobii</i> and <i>M. haplanaria</i> were lower at 23.2% and 38.7%, respectively. These results highlight species-specific differences in nematicide efficacy and provide a crucial baseline for future research for the management of specific RKN species.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/1/36host resistancemanagementnon-fumigantnematicidesreproductionroot-knot nematodes |
| spellingShingle | Nabin Poudel Luis Torres Richard F. Davis Ganpati B. Jagdale Theodore McAvoy Intiaz A. Chowdhury Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in Tomato Horticulturae host resistance management non-fumigant nematicides reproduction root-knot nematodes |
| title | Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in Tomato |
| title_full | Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in Tomato |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in Tomato |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in Tomato |
| title_short | Effect of Non-Fumigant Nematicides on Reproduction of Recently Detected <i>Meloidogyne</i> Species in Georgia Under Greenhouse Conditions in Tomato |
| title_sort | effect of non fumigant nematicides on reproduction of recently detected i meloidogyne i species in georgia under greenhouse conditions in tomato |
| topic | host resistance management non-fumigant nematicides reproduction root-knot nematodes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/1/36 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nabinpoudel effectofnonfumigantnematicidesonreproductionofrecentlydetectedimeloidogyneispeciesingeorgiaundergreenhouseconditionsintomato AT luistorres effectofnonfumigantnematicidesonreproductionofrecentlydetectedimeloidogyneispeciesingeorgiaundergreenhouseconditionsintomato AT richardfdavis effectofnonfumigantnematicidesonreproductionofrecentlydetectedimeloidogyneispeciesingeorgiaundergreenhouseconditionsintomato AT ganpatibjagdale effectofnonfumigantnematicidesonreproductionofrecentlydetectedimeloidogyneispeciesingeorgiaundergreenhouseconditionsintomato AT theodoremcavoy effectofnonfumigantnematicidesonreproductionofrecentlydetectedimeloidogyneispeciesingeorgiaundergreenhouseconditionsintomato AT intiazachowdhury effectofnonfumigantnematicidesonreproductionofrecentlydetectedimeloidogyneispeciesingeorgiaundergreenhouseconditionsintomato |