The biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plants
Small RNA (sRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific gene silencing mechanism that modulates gene expression in eukaryotes. As core molecules of RNAi, various sRNAs are encoded in the plant genome or derived from invadin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica |
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| Online Access: | https://www.sciengine.com/doi/10.3724/abbs.2024160 |
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| author | Tan Huijun Liu Yuelin Guo Hongwei |
| author_facet | Tan Huijun Liu Yuelin Guo Hongwei |
| author_sort | Tan Huijun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Small RNA (sRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific gene silencing mechanism that modulates gene expression in eukaryotes. As core molecules of RNAi, various sRNAs are encoded in the plant genome or derived from invading RNA molecules, and their biogenesis depends on distinct genetic pathways. Transitive small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are sRNAs produced from double-strand RNA (dsRNA) in a process that depends on RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RDRs), can amplify and spread silencing signals to additional transcripts, thereby enabling a phenomenon termed “transitive RNAi”. Members of this class of siRNAs function in various biological processes ranging from development to stress adaptation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two RDRs participate in the generation of transitive siRNAs, acting cooperatively with various siRNA generation-related factors, such as the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and aberrant RNAs. Transitive siRNAs are produced in diverse subcellular locations and structures under the control of various mechanisms, highlighting the intricacies of their biogenesis and functions. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular events of transitive siRNA biogenesis and its regulation, with a particular focus on factors involved in RDR recruitment. We aim to provide a comprehensive description of the generalized mechanism governing the biogenesis of transitive siRNAs. Additionally, we present an overview of the diverse biological functions of these siRNAs and raise some pressing questions in this area for further investigation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-98ce7b175fa64a26883347b8fa5989ba |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1672-9145 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | China Science Publishing & Media Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica |
| spelling | doaj-art-98ce7b175fa64a26883347b8fa5989ba2025-01-24T00:56:46ZengChina Science Publishing & Media Ltd.Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica1672-91452024-09-015713114710.3724/abbs.202416020d259ccThe biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plantsTan Huijun0Liu Yuelin1Guo Hongwei2["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Design, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China","Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China"]["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Design, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China"]["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Design, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China","Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China"]Small RNA (sRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific gene silencing mechanism that modulates gene expression in eukaryotes. As core molecules of RNAi, various sRNAs are encoded in the plant genome or derived from invading RNA molecules, and their biogenesis depends on distinct genetic pathways. Transitive small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are sRNAs produced from double-strand RNA (dsRNA) in a process that depends on RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RDRs), can amplify and spread silencing signals to additional transcripts, thereby enabling a phenomenon termed “transitive RNAi”. Members of this class of siRNAs function in various biological processes ranging from development to stress adaptation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two RDRs participate in the generation of transitive siRNAs, acting cooperatively with various siRNA generation-related factors, such as the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and aberrant RNAs. Transitive siRNAs are produced in diverse subcellular locations and structures under the control of various mechanisms, highlighting the intricacies of their biogenesis and functions. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular events of transitive siRNA biogenesis and its regulation, with a particular focus on factors involved in RDR recruitment. We aim to provide a comprehensive description of the generalized mechanism governing the biogenesis of transitive siRNAs. Additionally, we present an overview of the diverse biological functions of these siRNAs and raise some pressing questions in this area for further investigation.https://www.sciengine.com/doi/10.3724/abbs.2024160silencingsiRNAtransitivityRDRs |
| spellingShingle | Tan Huijun Liu Yuelin Guo Hongwei The biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plants Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica silencing siRNA transitivity RDRs |
| title | The biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plants |
| title_full | The biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plants |
| title_fullStr | The biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | The biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plants |
| title_short | The biogenesis, regulation and functions of transitive siRNA in plants |
| title_sort | biogenesis regulation and functions of transitive sirna in plants |
| topic | silencing siRNA transitivity RDRs |
| url | https://www.sciengine.com/doi/10.3724/abbs.2024160 |
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