Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic Acids
The development of polymer and polymer additives from renewable biosources is becoming increasingly prominent. This reflects increasing concerns about sustainability, environmental quality, and human health. Bioproducts produced in nature are generally inexpensive and benign in the environment. More...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Polymer Science |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7237236 |
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| author | Bob A. Howell Kendahl L. Oberdorfer Eric A. Ostrander |
| author_facet | Bob A. Howell Kendahl L. Oberdorfer Eric A. Ostrander |
| author_sort | Bob A. Howell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of polymer and polymer additives from renewable biosources is becoming increasingly prominent. This reflects increasing concerns about sustainability, environmental quality, and human health. Bioproducts produced in nature are generally inexpensive and benign in the environment. Moreover, degradation of derivatives does not yield toxic products. Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is found widely in nature and has long been touted for its medicinal qualities. 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is also produced by several plants, most notably buckwheat. Both compounds, as the anilide and methyl ester, respectively, have been converted to a series of phosphorus esters, both phosphonate and phosphate. Esters have been fully characterized using spectroscopic and thermal methods. These compounds display good flame retardancy at low loadings in DGEBA epoxy resin. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-98243c1a70ba4ef3a3b598ac7af414e1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-9422 1687-9430 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Polymer Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-98243c1a70ba4ef3a3b598ac7af414e12025-02-03T01:26:55ZengWileyInternational Journal of Polymer Science1687-94221687-94302018-01-01201810.1155/2018/72372367237236Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic AcidsBob A. Howell0Kendahl L. Oberdorfer1Eric A. Ostrander2Center for Applications in Polymer Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859-0001, USACenter for Applications in Polymer Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859-0001, USACenter for Applications in Polymer Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859-0001, USAThe development of polymer and polymer additives from renewable biosources is becoming increasingly prominent. This reflects increasing concerns about sustainability, environmental quality, and human health. Bioproducts produced in nature are generally inexpensive and benign in the environment. Moreover, degradation of derivatives does not yield toxic products. Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is found widely in nature and has long been touted for its medicinal qualities. 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is also produced by several plants, most notably buckwheat. Both compounds, as the anilide and methyl ester, respectively, have been converted to a series of phosphorus esters, both phosphonate and phosphate. Esters have been fully characterized using spectroscopic and thermal methods. These compounds display good flame retardancy at low loadings in DGEBA epoxy resin.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7237236 |
| spellingShingle | Bob A. Howell Kendahl L. Oberdorfer Eric A. Ostrander Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic Acids International Journal of Polymer Science |
| title | Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic Acids |
| title_full | Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic Acids |
| title_fullStr | Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic Acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic Acids |
| title_short | Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials from Gallic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Multihydroxybenzoic Acids |
| title_sort | phosphorus flame retardants for polymeric materials from gallic acid and other naturally occurring multihydroxybenzoic acids |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7237236 |
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