Chemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems
Abstract Background Due to growing resistance and continued depletion of drugs that can be used as replacements, people turn to herbal antidiabetic medicines. A polyherbal drug consisting of a mixture of two herbal plants, Zanthoxylum chalybeum and Xeroderris stuhlmannii root powder mixed in equal a...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Bulletin of the National Research Centre |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-025-01300-y |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832586075712782336 |
|---|---|
| author | Pardon Mugari Pamhidzai Dzomba Stephen Nyoni |
| author_facet | Pardon Mugari Pamhidzai Dzomba Stephen Nyoni |
| author_sort | Pardon Mugari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Due to growing resistance and continued depletion of drugs that can be used as replacements, people turn to herbal antidiabetic medicines. A polyherbal drug consisting of a mixture of two herbal plants, Zanthoxylum chalybeum and Xeroderris stuhlmannii root powder mixed in equal amounts using a tea cup, was studied to investigate its chemical composition and possible mode of action. Methods Phytochemicals were isolated using Column and Thin Layer Chromatography, and antidiabetic activity was ascertained using an enzyme inhibition model. Active compounds identity was established using 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HSQC-NMR, UV, FT-IR and MS spectroscopy. Results Results showed that the polyherbal drug consisted of two alkaloids and three anthocyanins as the major active components. PTP 1B inhibition of alkaloids was not significantly different from that of metformin with percentage inhibition of 78.6 ± 3.2 and 79.6 ± 2.3%. The anthocyanins inhibited PTP 1B enzyme significantly better than metformin with percentage inhibition of 88.2 ± 3.2, 90.3 ± 2.3 and 93.6 ± 2.9%. One new compound, an alkaloid, 1, 2-dimethoxy-12-methyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-12, 13-dihydro [1,3] benzodioxolo [5,6-c] phenanthridin-13-ol, one previously reported alkaloid berberine, IUPAC name, 9,10-dimethoxy-5,6-dihydro[1,3] dioxolo [4',5':6,7] isoquinolino [2,1-b][2] benzazin-7-ium and three anthocyanins,, malvidin 3-o-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-gucoside and malvidin 3, 5-O-diglucoside were identified as the active compounds in the polyherbal drug extract. Conclusion Presence of alkaloids and anthocyanins that have PTP 1B inhibitory activity showed that the polyherbal drug is a potential medicine for managing diabetes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9729272ff403413994666eaa4202407e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2522-8307 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bulletin of the National Research Centre |
| spelling | doaj-art-9729272ff403413994666eaa4202407e2025-01-26T12:14:08ZengSpringerOpenBulletin of the National Research Centre2522-83072025-01-0149111110.1186/s42269-025-01300-yChemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systemsPardon Mugari0Pamhidzai Dzomba1Stephen Nyoni2Chemistry Department, Chinhoyi University of TechnologyChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Bindura University of Science EducationChemistry Department, Chinhoyi University of TechnologyAbstract Background Due to growing resistance and continued depletion of drugs that can be used as replacements, people turn to herbal antidiabetic medicines. A polyherbal drug consisting of a mixture of two herbal plants, Zanthoxylum chalybeum and Xeroderris stuhlmannii root powder mixed in equal amounts using a tea cup, was studied to investigate its chemical composition and possible mode of action. Methods Phytochemicals were isolated using Column and Thin Layer Chromatography, and antidiabetic activity was ascertained using an enzyme inhibition model. Active compounds identity was established using 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HSQC-NMR, UV, FT-IR and MS spectroscopy. Results Results showed that the polyherbal drug consisted of two alkaloids and three anthocyanins as the major active components. PTP 1B inhibition of alkaloids was not significantly different from that of metformin with percentage inhibition of 78.6 ± 3.2 and 79.6 ± 2.3%. The anthocyanins inhibited PTP 1B enzyme significantly better than metformin with percentage inhibition of 88.2 ± 3.2, 90.3 ± 2.3 and 93.6 ± 2.9%. One new compound, an alkaloid, 1, 2-dimethoxy-12-methyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-12, 13-dihydro [1,3] benzodioxolo [5,6-c] phenanthridin-13-ol, one previously reported alkaloid berberine, IUPAC name, 9,10-dimethoxy-5,6-dihydro[1,3] dioxolo [4',5':6,7] isoquinolino [2,1-b][2] benzazin-7-ium and three anthocyanins,, malvidin 3-o-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-gucoside and malvidin 3, 5-O-diglucoside were identified as the active compounds in the polyherbal drug extract. Conclusion Presence of alkaloids and anthocyanins that have PTP 1B inhibitory activity showed that the polyherbal drug is a potential medicine for managing diabetes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-025-01300-yPolyherbal drugAntidiabetic activityPTP 1BDiabetes mellitus 2 |
| spellingShingle | Pardon Mugari Pamhidzai Dzomba Stephen Nyoni Chemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems Bulletin of the National Research Centre Polyherbal drug Antidiabetic activity PTP 1B Diabetes mellitus 2 |
| title | Chemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems |
| title_full | Chemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems |
| title_fullStr | Chemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems |
| title_short | Chemical composition by PTP 1B inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant- based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems |
| title_sort | chemical composition by ptp 1b inhibitory activity guided analysis of a plant based antidiabetic polyherbal drug used in ethnomedical systems |
| topic | Polyherbal drug Antidiabetic activity PTP 1B Diabetes mellitus 2 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-025-01300-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pardonmugari chemicalcompositionbyptp1binhibitoryactivityguidedanalysisofaplantbasedantidiabeticpolyherbaldrugusedinethnomedicalsystems AT pamhidzaidzomba chemicalcompositionbyptp1binhibitoryactivityguidedanalysisofaplantbasedantidiabeticpolyherbaldrugusedinethnomedicalsystems AT stephennyoni chemicalcompositionbyptp1binhibitoryactivityguidedanalysisofaplantbasedantidiabeticpolyherbaldrugusedinethnomedicalsystems |