Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy
Background. We have previously shown that 75% of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a resource-limited setting who experienced virological breakthrough to >1000 copies/mL were resuppressed after an intensive adherence intervention. This study examines the long-term outcomes of this gr...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2011-01-01
|
| Series: | AIDS Research and Treatment |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/469127 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832553208315117568 |
|---|---|
| author | Catherine Orrell Richard Kaplan Robin Wood Linda-Gail Bekker |
| author_facet | Catherine Orrell Richard Kaplan Robin Wood Linda-Gail Bekker |
| author_sort | Catherine Orrell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. We have previously shown that 75% of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a resource-limited setting who experienced virological breakthrough to >1000 copies/mL were resuppressed after an intensive adherence intervention. This study examines the long-term outcomes of this group in order to understand the impact of the adherence intervention over time. Methods. ART-naïve adults commencing ART between September 2002 and December 2009 were reviewed. Those who achieved suppression (<50 copies/mL) were categorised by subsequent viral load: any >1000 copies/mL (virological breakthrough) or not. Those with breakthrough were sub-categorised by following viral load into failed (VL > 1000 copies/mL) or resuppressed (VL < 1000 copies/mL). Their outcome (lost-to follow-up, death, in care on first-line therapy or in care on second-line therapy) was determined as of the 13th April 2010. Findings. 4047 ART-naïve adults commenced ART. 3086 had >2 viral loads and were included in the analysis. 2959 achieved virological suppression (96%). Thereafter 2109 (71%) remained suppressed and 850 (29%) experienced breakthrough ( (33%) failed and (67%) resuppressed). Individuals with breakthrough were younger (), had lower CD4 counts (), and higher viral loads () than those who remained suppressed. By 7 years the risk of breakthrough was 42% and of failure 15%. Fewer adults with breakthrough remain in care over time (). Loss to care is similar whether the individuals failed or resuppressed. Interpretation. While 67% of those who experience initial virological breakthrough resuppress after an adherence intervention, these individuals are significantly less likely be retained in care than those who remain virologically suppressed throughout. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-971262721a7f4af8a69c306a11651e67 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-1240 2090-1259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIDS Research and Treatment |
| spelling | doaj-art-971262721a7f4af8a69c306a11651e672025-02-03T05:54:39ZengWileyAIDS Research and Treatment2090-12402090-12592011-01-01201110.1155/2011/469127469127Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral TherapyCatherine Orrell0Richard Kaplan1Robin Wood2Linda-Gail Bekker3Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South AfricaDesmond Tutu HIV Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South AfricaDesmond Tutu HIV Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South AfricaDesmond Tutu HIV Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South AfricaBackground. We have previously shown that 75% of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a resource-limited setting who experienced virological breakthrough to >1000 copies/mL were resuppressed after an intensive adherence intervention. This study examines the long-term outcomes of this group in order to understand the impact of the adherence intervention over time. Methods. ART-naïve adults commencing ART between September 2002 and December 2009 were reviewed. Those who achieved suppression (<50 copies/mL) were categorised by subsequent viral load: any >1000 copies/mL (virological breakthrough) or not. Those with breakthrough were sub-categorised by following viral load into failed (VL > 1000 copies/mL) or resuppressed (VL < 1000 copies/mL). Their outcome (lost-to follow-up, death, in care on first-line therapy or in care on second-line therapy) was determined as of the 13th April 2010. Findings. 4047 ART-naïve adults commenced ART. 3086 had >2 viral loads and were included in the analysis. 2959 achieved virological suppression (96%). Thereafter 2109 (71%) remained suppressed and 850 (29%) experienced breakthrough ( (33%) failed and (67%) resuppressed). Individuals with breakthrough were younger (), had lower CD4 counts (), and higher viral loads () than those who remained suppressed. By 7 years the risk of breakthrough was 42% and of failure 15%. Fewer adults with breakthrough remain in care over time (). Loss to care is similar whether the individuals failed or resuppressed. Interpretation. While 67% of those who experience initial virological breakthrough resuppress after an adherence intervention, these individuals are significantly less likely be retained in care than those who remain virologically suppressed throughout.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/469127 |
| spellingShingle | Catherine Orrell Richard Kaplan Robin Wood Linda-Gail Bekker Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy AIDS Research and Treatment |
| title | Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_full | Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_short | Virological Breakthrough: A Risk Factor for Loss to Followup in a Large Community-Based Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy |
| title_sort | virological breakthrough a risk factor for loss to followup in a large community based cohort on antiretroviral therapy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/469127 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT catherineorrell virologicalbreakthroughariskfactorforlosstofollowupinalargecommunitybasedcohortonantiretroviraltherapy AT richardkaplan virologicalbreakthroughariskfactorforlosstofollowupinalargecommunitybasedcohortonantiretroviraltherapy AT robinwood virologicalbreakthroughariskfactorforlosstofollowupinalargecommunitybasedcohortonantiretroviraltherapy AT lindagailbekker virologicalbreakthroughariskfactorforlosstofollowupinalargecommunitybasedcohortonantiretroviraltherapy |