Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections
Although SARS-CoV-2 reinfections remain a concern for healthcare systems worldwide, the factors driving them are still not fully understood. In this study, we examined data for 3303 individuals who experienced two SARS-CoV-2 infections between March 2020 and May 2022 from both clinical and viral gen...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/6/840 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850164553940205568 |
|---|---|
| author | Francisco Muñoz-López Antoni E. Bordoy Francesc Català-Moll Verónica Saludes David Panisello Yagüe Mariona Parera Ignacio Blanco Pere-Joan Cardona Cristina Casañ Ana Blanco-Suárez Sandra Franco Álvaro F. García-Jiménez Roger Paredes Bonaventura Clotet Lourdes Mateu Marc Noguera-Julian Elisa Martró José Ramón Santos Marta Massanella |
| author_facet | Francisco Muñoz-López Antoni E. Bordoy Francesc Català-Moll Verónica Saludes David Panisello Yagüe Mariona Parera Ignacio Blanco Pere-Joan Cardona Cristina Casañ Ana Blanco-Suárez Sandra Franco Álvaro F. García-Jiménez Roger Paredes Bonaventura Clotet Lourdes Mateu Marc Noguera-Julian Elisa Martró José Ramón Santos Marta Massanella |
| author_sort | Francisco Muñoz-López |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although SARS-CoV-2 reinfections remain a concern for healthcare systems worldwide, the factors driving them are still not fully understood. In this study, we examined data for 3303 individuals who experienced two SARS-CoV-2 infections between March 2020 and May 2022 from both clinical and viral genomics perspectives. Our findings indicate that viral evolution was the primary driver of reinfection. However, chronic conditions were common among reinfected individuals, including those under 26 years old, suggesting that the presence of underlying and/or chronic conditions increases susceptibility to reinfection. The median time elapsed between infections was one year, often coinciding with the emergence of new variants. While vaccination showed only a limited protective effect against reinfection, it drastically decreased the hospitalization rate, underscoring its role in mitigating disease severity. Our findings point to the need for more flexible vaccination strategies, especially for individuals with chronic conditions. Understanding the interactions between host factors and viral evolution is critical to strengthening prevention strategies and reducing the burden of reinfections and their possible long-term complications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-965090f5ae54499d88f1c2ce423f56a8 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-965090f5ae54499d88f1c2ce423f56a82025-08-20T02:21:58ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-06-0117684010.3390/v17060840Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 ReinfectionsFrancisco Muñoz-López0Antoni E. Bordoy1Francesc Català-Moll2Verónica Saludes3David Panisello Yagüe4Mariona Parera5Ignacio Blanco6Pere-Joan Cardona7Cristina Casañ8Ana Blanco-Suárez9Sandra Franco10Álvaro F. García-Jiménez11Roger Paredes12Bonaventura Clotet13Lourdes Mateu14Marc Noguera-Julian15Elisa Martró16José Ramón Santos17Marta Massanella18IrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainIrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainIrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainIrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology, Spanish National Research Council (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, SpainIrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainIrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainIrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainNorthern Metropolitan Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, SpainIrsiCaixa, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, SpainAlthough SARS-CoV-2 reinfections remain a concern for healthcare systems worldwide, the factors driving them are still not fully understood. In this study, we examined data for 3303 individuals who experienced two SARS-CoV-2 infections between March 2020 and May 2022 from both clinical and viral genomics perspectives. Our findings indicate that viral evolution was the primary driver of reinfection. However, chronic conditions were common among reinfected individuals, including those under 26 years old, suggesting that the presence of underlying and/or chronic conditions increases susceptibility to reinfection. The median time elapsed between infections was one year, often coinciding with the emergence of new variants. While vaccination showed only a limited protective effect against reinfection, it drastically decreased the hospitalization rate, underscoring its role in mitigating disease severity. Our findings point to the need for more flexible vaccination strategies, especially for individuals with chronic conditions. Understanding the interactions between host factors and viral evolution is critical to strengthening prevention strategies and reducing the burden of reinfections and their possible long-term complications.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/6/840COVID-19reinfectionSARS-CoV-2viral evolutioncomorbiditiesvaccination |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Muñoz-López Antoni E. Bordoy Francesc Català-Moll Verónica Saludes David Panisello Yagüe Mariona Parera Ignacio Blanco Pere-Joan Cardona Cristina Casañ Ana Blanco-Suárez Sandra Franco Álvaro F. García-Jiménez Roger Paredes Bonaventura Clotet Lourdes Mateu Marc Noguera-Julian Elisa Martró José Ramón Santos Marta Massanella Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections Viruses COVID-19 reinfection SARS-CoV-2 viral evolution comorbidities vaccination |
| title | Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections |
| title_full | Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections |
| title_short | Identification of Clinical and Genomic Features Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections |
| title_sort | identification of clinical and genomic features associated with sars cov 2 reinfections |
| topic | COVID-19 reinfection SARS-CoV-2 viral evolution comorbidities vaccination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/6/840 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franciscomunozlopez identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT antoniebordoy identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT francesccatalamoll identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT veronicasaludes identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT davidpaniselloyague identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT marionaparera identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT ignacioblanco identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT perejoancardona identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT cristinacasan identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT anablancosuarez identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT sandrafranco identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT alvarofgarciajimenez identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT rogerparedes identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT bonaventuraclotet identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT lourdesmateu identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT marcnoguerajulian identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT elisamartro identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT joseramonsantos identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections AT martamassanella identificationofclinicalandgenomicfeaturesassociatedwithsarscov2reinfections |