Serum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles
Abstract Background In hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycles, endogenous LH levels may still rise, and the relationship between this and pregnancy outcomes is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the serum LH levels before...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ovarian Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-025-01743-x |
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| author | Xu Han Chang Liu Jie Wang Ye Zheng Huidan Wang Mei Sun Xiufang Li |
| author_facet | Xu Han Chang Liu Jie Wang Ye Zheng Huidan Wang Mei Sun Xiufang Li |
| author_sort | Xu Han |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background In hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycles, endogenous LH levels may still rise, and the relationship between this and pregnancy outcomes is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the serum LH levels before progesterone administration in HRT-FET cycles and the live birth rate (LBR). Methods A total of 13 720 HRT-FET cycles were divided into four groups based on serum LH levels according to the quartiles. Meanwhile, subgroup analyses were performed based on the use of pituitary down-regulation to evaluate the independent effects of serum LH levels on pregnancy outcomes. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to adjust for potential confounding factors. Results In the overall, the 51-75th percentile group showed significant differences in LBR and miscarriage rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.010; P = 0.004), and the > 75th percentile group showed significant difference in biochemical pregnancy rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.022). In the non-pituitary down-regulation group, the 51-75th percentile group and the reference group exhibited significant differences in LBR and miscarriage rate (P = 0.004), and the 26–50th percentile group showed significant difference in miscarriage rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.026). In the pituitary down-regulation group, the > 75th percentile group showed significant difference in biochemical pregnancy rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.045). Conclusion In HRT-FET cycles, low serum LH levels prior to progesterone administration may be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. For patients presenting with low LH levels, we may recommend deferring the FET cycle to reduce poor pregnancy outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-964a3125d7fd4473884716445480ca4f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1757-2215 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ovarian Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-964a3125d7fd4473884716445480ca4f2025-08-20T04:03:02ZengBMCJournal of Ovarian Research1757-22152025-07-0118111010.1186/s13048-025-01743-xSerum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cyclesXu Han0Chang Liu1Jie Wang2Ye Zheng3Huidan Wang4Mei Sun5Xiufang Li6State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong UniversityState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong UniversityShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong UniversityState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong UniversityState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong UniversityState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong UniversityAbstract Background In hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycles, endogenous LH levels may still rise, and the relationship between this and pregnancy outcomes is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the serum LH levels before progesterone administration in HRT-FET cycles and the live birth rate (LBR). Methods A total of 13 720 HRT-FET cycles were divided into four groups based on serum LH levels according to the quartiles. Meanwhile, subgroup analyses were performed based on the use of pituitary down-regulation to evaluate the independent effects of serum LH levels on pregnancy outcomes. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to adjust for potential confounding factors. Results In the overall, the 51-75th percentile group showed significant differences in LBR and miscarriage rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.010; P = 0.004), and the > 75th percentile group showed significant difference in biochemical pregnancy rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.022). In the non-pituitary down-regulation group, the 51-75th percentile group and the reference group exhibited significant differences in LBR and miscarriage rate (P = 0.004), and the 26–50th percentile group showed significant difference in miscarriage rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.026). In the pituitary down-regulation group, the > 75th percentile group showed significant difference in biochemical pregnancy rate compared to the reference group (P = 0.045). Conclusion In HRT-FET cycles, low serum LH levels prior to progesterone administration may be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. For patients presenting with low LH levels, we may recommend deferring the FET cycle to reduce poor pregnancy outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-025-01743-xHormone replacement therapyFrozen-thawed embryo transferLive birth ratePregnancy outcomeLuteinizing hormone |
| spellingShingle | Xu Han Chang Liu Jie Wang Ye Zheng Huidan Wang Mei Sun Xiufang Li Serum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles Journal of Ovarian Research Hormone replacement therapy Frozen-thawed embryo transfer Live birth rate Pregnancy outcome Luteinizing hormone |
| title | Serum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles |
| title_full | Serum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles |
| title_fullStr | Serum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles |
| title_short | Serum LH levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles |
| title_sort | serum lh levels before progesterone administration significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in hormone replacement therapy frozen thawed embryo transfer cycles |
| topic | Hormone replacement therapy Frozen-thawed embryo transfer Live birth rate Pregnancy outcome Luteinizing hormone |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-025-01743-x |
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