The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributions
Abstract The Japanese Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW) will be an Earth-observing satellite to conduct global observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) simultaneously from a single platform. GOSAT-GW is the t...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-025-00684-9 |
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| author | Hiroshi Tanimoto Tsuneo Matsunaga Yu Someya Tamaki Fujinawa Hirofumi Ohyama Isamu Morino Hisashi Yashiro Takafumi Sugita Satoshi Inomata Astrid Müller Tazu Saeki Yukio Yoshida Yosuke Niwa Makoto Saito Hibiki Noda Yousuke Yamashita Kohei Ikeda Nobuko Saigusa Toshinobu Machida Matthias Max Frey Hyunkwang Lim Priyanka Srivastava Yoshitaka Jin Atsushi Shimizu Tomoaki Nishizawa Yugo Kanaya Takashi Sekiya Prabir Patra Masayuki Takigawa Jagat Bisht Yasko Kasai Tomohiro O. Sato |
| author_facet | Hiroshi Tanimoto Tsuneo Matsunaga Yu Someya Tamaki Fujinawa Hirofumi Ohyama Isamu Morino Hisashi Yashiro Takafumi Sugita Satoshi Inomata Astrid Müller Tazu Saeki Yukio Yoshida Yosuke Niwa Makoto Saito Hibiki Noda Yousuke Yamashita Kohei Ikeda Nobuko Saigusa Toshinobu Machida Matthias Max Frey Hyunkwang Lim Priyanka Srivastava Yoshitaka Jin Atsushi Shimizu Tomoaki Nishizawa Yugo Kanaya Takashi Sekiya Prabir Patra Masayuki Takigawa Jagat Bisht Yasko Kasai Tomohiro O. Sato |
| author_sort | Hiroshi Tanimoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Japanese Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW) will be an Earth-observing satellite to conduct global observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) simultaneously from a single platform. GOSAT-GW is the third satellite in the series of the currently operating Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) and GOSAT-2. It will carry two sensors, the Total Anthropogenic and Natural emissions mapping SpectrOmeter-3 (TANSO-3) and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 3 (AMSR3), with the latter dedicated to the observation of physical parameters related to the water cycle. TANSO-3 is a high-resolution grating spectrometer designed to measure reflected sunlight in the visible to short-wave infrared spectral ranges. It aims to retrieve the column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 (denoted as XCO2 and XCH4, respectively), as well as the vertical column density of tropospheric NO2. The TANSO-3 sensor onboard GOSAT-GW will utilize the wavelength bands of 0.45, 0.76, and 1.61 µm for NO2, O2, and CO2 and CH4 retrievals, respectively. GOSAT-GW will fly in a sun-synchronous orbit with a local overpass time of approximately 13:30 and a 3-day ground-track repeat cycle. The TANSO-3 sensor has two observation modes in the push-broom operation: Wide Mode, which provides globally covered maps with a 10-km spatial resolution within 3 days, and Focus Mode, which provides snapshot maps over targeted areas with a high spatial resolution of 1–3 km. The objectives of the GOSAT-GW mission include (1) monitoring atmospheric global-mean concentrations of greenhouse gasses (GHGs), (2) verifying national anthropogenic GHG emissions inventories, and (3) detecting GHG emissions from large sources, such as megacities and power plants. A comprehensive validation exercise will be conducted to ensure that the sensor products’ quality meets the required precision to achieve the above objectives. With a projected operational lifetime of seven years, GOSAT-GW will provide vital space-based constraints on both anthropogenic and natural GHG emissions. These measurements will contribute significantly to climate change mitigation efforts, particularly by supporting the Global Stocktake (GST) mechanism, a key element of the Paris Agreement. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9617ada2f09b46fab6e58f5253c343da |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2197-4284 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-9617ada2f09b46fab6e58f5253c343da2025-01-26T12:57:44ZengSpringerOpenProgress in Earth and Planetary Science2197-42842025-01-0112113310.1186/s40645-025-00684-9The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributionsHiroshi Tanimoto0Tsuneo Matsunaga1Yu Someya2Tamaki Fujinawa3Hirofumi Ohyama4Isamu Morino5Hisashi Yashiro6Takafumi Sugita7Satoshi Inomata8Astrid Müller9Tazu Saeki10Yukio Yoshida11Yosuke Niwa12Makoto Saito13Hibiki Noda14Yousuke Yamashita15Kohei Ikeda16Nobuko Saigusa17Toshinobu Machida18Matthias Max Frey19Hyunkwang Lim20Priyanka Srivastava21Yoshitaka Jin22Atsushi Shimizu23Tomoaki Nishizawa24Yugo Kanaya25Takashi Sekiya26Prabir Patra27Masayuki Takigawa28Jagat Bisht29Yasko Kasai30Tomohiro O. Sato31National Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesNational Institute for Environmental StudiesJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyNational Institute of Information and Communications TechnologyNational Institute of Information and Communications TechnologyAbstract The Japanese Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW) will be an Earth-observing satellite to conduct global observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) simultaneously from a single platform. GOSAT-GW is the third satellite in the series of the currently operating Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) and GOSAT-2. It will carry two sensors, the Total Anthropogenic and Natural emissions mapping SpectrOmeter-3 (TANSO-3) and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 3 (AMSR3), with the latter dedicated to the observation of physical parameters related to the water cycle. TANSO-3 is a high-resolution grating spectrometer designed to measure reflected sunlight in the visible to short-wave infrared spectral ranges. It aims to retrieve the column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 (denoted as XCO2 and XCH4, respectively), as well as the vertical column density of tropospheric NO2. The TANSO-3 sensor onboard GOSAT-GW will utilize the wavelength bands of 0.45, 0.76, and 1.61 µm for NO2, O2, and CO2 and CH4 retrievals, respectively. GOSAT-GW will fly in a sun-synchronous orbit with a local overpass time of approximately 13:30 and a 3-day ground-track repeat cycle. The TANSO-3 sensor has two observation modes in the push-broom operation: Wide Mode, which provides globally covered maps with a 10-km spatial resolution within 3 days, and Focus Mode, which provides snapshot maps over targeted areas with a high spatial resolution of 1–3 km. The objectives of the GOSAT-GW mission include (1) monitoring atmospheric global-mean concentrations of greenhouse gasses (GHGs), (2) verifying national anthropogenic GHG emissions inventories, and (3) detecting GHG emissions from large sources, such as megacities and power plants. A comprehensive validation exercise will be conducted to ensure that the sensor products’ quality meets the required precision to achieve the above objectives. With a projected operational lifetime of seven years, GOSAT-GW will provide vital space-based constraints on both anthropogenic and natural GHG emissions. These measurements will contribute significantly to climate change mitigation efforts, particularly by supporting the Global Stocktake (GST) mechanism, a key element of the Paris Agreement.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-025-00684-9Greenhouse gasAir pollutantCarbon dioxideNitrogen oxidesSatelliteGlobal Stocktake |
| spellingShingle | Hiroshi Tanimoto Tsuneo Matsunaga Yu Someya Tamaki Fujinawa Hirofumi Ohyama Isamu Morino Hisashi Yashiro Takafumi Sugita Satoshi Inomata Astrid Müller Tazu Saeki Yukio Yoshida Yosuke Niwa Makoto Saito Hibiki Noda Yousuke Yamashita Kohei Ikeda Nobuko Saigusa Toshinobu Machida Matthias Max Frey Hyunkwang Lim Priyanka Srivastava Yoshitaka Jin Atsushi Shimizu Tomoaki Nishizawa Yugo Kanaya Takashi Sekiya Prabir Patra Masayuki Takigawa Jagat Bisht Yasko Kasai Tomohiro O. Sato The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributions Progress in Earth and Planetary Science Greenhouse gas Air pollutant Carbon dioxide Nitrogen oxides Satellite Global Stocktake |
| title | The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributions |
| title_full | The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributions |
| title_fullStr | The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributions |
| title_short | The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contributions |
| title_sort | greenhouse gas observation mission with global observing satellite for greenhouse gases and water cycle gosat gw objectives conceptual framework and scientific contributions |
| topic | Greenhouse gas Air pollutant Carbon dioxide Nitrogen oxides Satellite Global Stocktake |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-025-00684-9 |
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