Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and Hybridization
By exploring seed samples from vineyards and natural habitats across the Eurasian range of <i>Vitis vinifera</i>, our analysis revealed substantial morphological variation within populations. Through the analysis of domestication index values, probabilities, and entropy, we assessed seed...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Diego Rivera Javier Valera David Maghradze Maia Kikvadze Anna Nebish Rafael Ocete Carlos Álvar Ocete Claire Arnold Emilio Laguna Francisco Alcaraz Diego José Rivera-Obón Gianni Lovicu Massimino Farci Concepción Obón |
| author_facet | Diego Rivera Javier Valera David Maghradze Maia Kikvadze Anna Nebish Rafael Ocete Carlos Álvar Ocete Claire Arnold Emilio Laguna Francisco Alcaraz Diego José Rivera-Obón Gianni Lovicu Massimino Farci Concepción Obón |
| author_sort | Diego Rivera |
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| description | By exploring seed samples from vineyards and natural habitats across the Eurasian range of <i>Vitis vinifera</i>, our analysis revealed substantial morphological variation within populations. Through the analysis of domestication index values, probabilities, and entropy, we assessed seed diversity. Samples with high domestication probability values—predominantly from vineyards—exhibited low heterogeneity and entropy, with similar patterns observed in natural habitats, suggesting the presence of feral vines. In parallel, seeds with low domestication index values, found mainly in natural habitats, also displayed low entropy and are likely associated with <i>Vitis sylvestris</i> or other wild Vitaceae species. Intermediate domestication values pointed to hybrid swarms, highlighting the crucial role of hybridization in the development of modern grapevine cultivars. The study identified mixed populations across the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, and the South Caucasus, which act as significant gene reservoirs. A domestication gradient is evident, with higher domestication rates in the South Caucasus compared to Western Europe and East Asia. The results demonstrate the significance of these mixed populations as repositories of genetic diversity, underscoring their conservation value, particularly considering the negative impact of habitat alterations, especially in riparian forests due to major public works. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-95c49d468d544f4488670b1133a81b4a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj-art-95c49d468d544f4488670b1133a81b4a2025-01-24T13:34:45ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242025-01-011119210.3390/horticulturae11010092Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and HybridizationDiego Rivera0Javier Valera1David Maghradze2Maia Kikvadze3Anna Nebish4Rafael Ocete5Carlos Álvar Ocete6Claire Arnold7Emilio Laguna8Francisco Alcaraz9Diego José Rivera-Obón10Gianni Lovicu11Massimino Farci12Concepción Obón13Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, SpainDepartment of Prehistory, Archeology, and ancient History, University of Murcia, Campus de la Merced, C. Santo Cristo, 1, 30001 Murcia, SpainFaculty of Viticulture and Winemaking, Caucasus International University, Chargali Street 73, 0141 Tbilisi, GeorgiaFaculty of Viticulture and Winemaking, Caucasus International University, Chargali Street 73, 0141 Tbilisi, GeorgiaInstitute of Vine and Wine Sciences ICVV (CSIC, UR, Government of La Rioja), 26007 Logroño, La Rioja, SpainLa Gualdia 9, 26211 Tirgo, La Rioja, SpainLa Gualdia 9, 26211 Tirgo, La Rioja, SpainOffice 331, Unicentre Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandGeneralitat Valenciana, Centre per a la Investigació i Experimentació Forestal, Avda. Comarques del País Valencià 114, 46930 Quart de Poblet, València, SpainDepartment of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, SpainJean Monnet Faculty, Paris-Saclay University, 54 Boulevard Desgranges, 92230 Sceaux, FranceDipartimento per la Ricerca nell’Arboricoltura, Agris Sardegna, Via Mameli 126d, 09123 Cagliari, ItalyDipartimento per la Ricerca nell’Arboricoltura, Agris Sardegna, Via Mameli 126d, 09123 Cagliari, ItalyInstitute for Agri-Food and Agro-Environmental Research and Innovation (CIAGRO,) Orihuela Polytechnic School, Miguel Hernandez University, Ctra. Beniel, Km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, SpainBy exploring seed samples from vineyards and natural habitats across the Eurasian range of <i>Vitis vinifera</i>, our analysis revealed substantial morphological variation within populations. Through the analysis of domestication index values, probabilities, and entropy, we assessed seed diversity. Samples with high domestication probability values—predominantly from vineyards—exhibited low heterogeneity and entropy, with similar patterns observed in natural habitats, suggesting the presence of feral vines. In parallel, seeds with low domestication index values, found mainly in natural habitats, also displayed low entropy and are likely associated with <i>Vitis sylvestris</i> or other wild Vitaceae species. Intermediate domestication values pointed to hybrid swarms, highlighting the crucial role of hybridization in the development of modern grapevine cultivars. The study identified mixed populations across the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, and the South Caucasus, which act as significant gene reservoirs. A domestication gradient is evident, with higher domestication rates in the South Caucasus compared to Western Europe and East Asia. The results demonstrate the significance of these mixed populations as repositories of genetic diversity, underscoring their conservation value, particularly considering the negative impact of habitat alterations, especially in riparian forests due to major public works.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/1/92feralgrapevine<i>Vitis sylvestris</i>introgressionheterogeneity estimateShannon index |
| spellingShingle | Diego Rivera Javier Valera David Maghradze Maia Kikvadze Anna Nebish Rafael Ocete Carlos Álvar Ocete Claire Arnold Emilio Laguna Francisco Alcaraz Diego José Rivera-Obón Gianni Lovicu Massimino Farci Concepción Obón Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and Hybridization Horticulturae feral grapevine <i>Vitis sylvestris</i> introgression heterogeneity estimate Shannon index |
| title | Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and Hybridization |
| title_full | Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and Hybridization |
| title_fullStr | Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and Hybridization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and Hybridization |
| title_short | Heterogeneity in Seed Samples from Vineyards and Natural Habitats Along the Eurasian <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Range: Implications for Domestication and Hybridization |
| title_sort | heterogeneity in seed samples from vineyards and natural habitats along the eurasian i vitis vinifera i range implications for domestication and hybridization |
| topic | feral grapevine <i>Vitis sylvestris</i> introgression heterogeneity estimate Shannon index |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/1/92 |
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