The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms
Abstract Major depressive disorder is a prevalent mental disorder, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Accumulating evidence implicates dysregulated immune mechanisms as key contributors to depressive disorders. This review elucidates the complex interplay between peripheral and central...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-024-03312-3 |
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| _version_ | 1832594560069402624 |
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| author | Wenli Jiao Jiayi Lin Yanfang Deng Yelin Ji Chuoyi Liang Sijia Wei Xi Jing Fengxia Yan |
| author_facet | Wenli Jiao Jiayi Lin Yanfang Deng Yelin Ji Chuoyi Liang Sijia Wei Xi Jing Fengxia Yan |
| author_sort | Wenli Jiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Major depressive disorder is a prevalent mental disorder, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Accumulating evidence implicates dysregulated immune mechanisms as key contributors to depressive disorders. This review elucidates the complex interplay between peripheral and central immune components underlying depressive disorder pathology. Peripherally, systemic inflammation, gut immune dysregulation, and immune dysfunction in organs including gut, liver, spleen and adipose tissue influence brain function through neural and molecular pathways. Within the central nervous system, aberrant microglial and astrocytes activation, cytokine imbalances, and compromised blood-brain barrier integrity propagate neuroinflammation, disrupting neurotransmission, impairing neuroplasticity, and promoting neuronal injury. The crosstalk between peripheral and central immunity creates a vicious cycle exacerbating depressive neuropathology. Unraveling these multifaceted immune-mediated mechanisms provides insights into major depressive disorder’s pathogenic basis and potential biomarkers and targets. Modulating both peripheral and central immune responses represent a promising multidimensional therapeutic strategy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9588b697e74d4bf58182975a5c2614e0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1742-2094 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-9588b697e74d4bf58182975a5c2614e02025-01-19T12:33:24ZengBMCJournal of Neuroinflammation1742-20942025-01-0122111910.1186/s12974-024-03312-3The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanismsWenli Jiao0Jiayi Lin1Yanfang Deng2Yelin Ji3Chuoyi Liang4Sijia Wei5Xi Jing6Fengxia Yan7School of Nursing, Jinan UniversitySchool of Nursing, Jinan UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversitySchool of Nursing, Jinan UniversitySchool of Nursing, Jinan UniversitySchool of Nursing, Jinan UniversitySchool of Nursing, Jinan UniversitySchool of Nursing, Jinan UniversityAbstract Major depressive disorder is a prevalent mental disorder, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Accumulating evidence implicates dysregulated immune mechanisms as key contributors to depressive disorders. This review elucidates the complex interplay between peripheral and central immune components underlying depressive disorder pathology. Peripherally, systemic inflammation, gut immune dysregulation, and immune dysfunction in organs including gut, liver, spleen and adipose tissue influence brain function through neural and molecular pathways. Within the central nervous system, aberrant microglial and astrocytes activation, cytokine imbalances, and compromised blood-brain barrier integrity propagate neuroinflammation, disrupting neurotransmission, impairing neuroplasticity, and promoting neuronal injury. The crosstalk between peripheral and central immunity creates a vicious cycle exacerbating depressive neuropathology. Unraveling these multifaceted immune-mediated mechanisms provides insights into major depressive disorder’s pathogenic basis and potential biomarkers and targets. Modulating both peripheral and central immune responses represent a promising multidimensional therapeutic strategy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-024-03312-3Major depressive disorderNeuroimmune interactionsNeuroinflammationPeripheral-central crosstalk |
| spellingShingle | Wenli Jiao Jiayi Lin Yanfang Deng Yelin Ji Chuoyi Liang Sijia Wei Xi Jing Fengxia Yan The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms Journal of Neuroinflammation Major depressive disorder Neuroimmune interactions Neuroinflammation Peripheral-central crosstalk |
| title | The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms |
| title_full | The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms |
| title_short | The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms |
| title_sort | immunological perspective of major depressive disorder unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms |
| topic | Major depressive disorder Neuroimmune interactions Neuroinflammation Peripheral-central crosstalk |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-024-03312-3 |
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