Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method
The following method was used to apply the topology of the current study of evapotranspiration ETo, net irrigation demand, irrigation schedules, and total effective rain fall of different crop models: using the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) CROPWAT 8.0 standard software and the CLIM...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8552547 |
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| author | Waseem Asghar Khan Jamshaid Ul Rahman Mogtaba Mohammed Ziyad Ali AlHussain Murtada K. Elbashir |
| author_facet | Waseem Asghar Khan Jamshaid Ul Rahman Mogtaba Mohammed Ziyad Ali AlHussain Murtada K. Elbashir |
| author_sort | Waseem Asghar Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The following method was used to apply the topology of the current study of evapotranspiration ETo, net irrigation demand, irrigation schedules, and total effective rain fall of different crop models: using the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) CROPWAT 8.0 standard software and the CLIMWAT 2.0 tool and the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith approach to examine the variable topology of evapotranspiration ETo. Due to high temperatures in summer with an annual mean of 6.33 mm/day, the topological demonstration of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) increases from 2.84 mm/day in January to a maximum of 9.61 mm/day in July. Effective rainfall fluctuates from 0 mm to 53.4 mm. Total irrigation topological indices requirements were 308.3 mm/dec, 335.9 mm/dec, 343.6 mm/dec, 853 mm/dec, and 1479.6 mm/dec for barley, wheat, maize, rice, and citrus, respectively. The physical topological indices due to low demand in winter and high demand in summer, the total net irrigation, and gross irrigation for clay loamy soils for wheat (210.6 mm and 147.4 mm), barley (176.6 mm and 123.6 mm), citrus (204.5 mm and 143.2 mm), and maize (163.9 mm and 114.7 mm), but not for rice. This topology demonstrates that wheat has 4, barley has 4, citrus has 12, maize has 4, and rice crop has 12 irrigation schedules in a year. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-95428580557d454794722f32429634b8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-95428580557d454794722f32429634b82025-02-03T06:11:12ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90712021-01-01202110.1155/2021/8552547Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith MethodWaseem Asghar Khan0Jamshaid Ul Rahman1Mogtaba Mohammed2Ziyad Ali AlHussain3Murtada K. Elbashir4Department of MathematicsAbdus Salam School of Mathematical SciencesDepartment of MathematicsDepartment of MathematicsCollege of Computer and Information SciencesThe following method was used to apply the topology of the current study of evapotranspiration ETo, net irrigation demand, irrigation schedules, and total effective rain fall of different crop models: using the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) CROPWAT 8.0 standard software and the CLIMWAT 2.0 tool and the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith approach to examine the variable topology of evapotranspiration ETo. Due to high temperatures in summer with an annual mean of 6.33 mm/day, the topological demonstration of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) increases from 2.84 mm/day in January to a maximum of 9.61 mm/day in July. Effective rainfall fluctuates from 0 mm to 53.4 mm. Total irrigation topological indices requirements were 308.3 mm/dec, 335.9 mm/dec, 343.6 mm/dec, 853 mm/dec, and 1479.6 mm/dec for barley, wheat, maize, rice, and citrus, respectively. The physical topological indices due to low demand in winter and high demand in summer, the total net irrigation, and gross irrigation for clay loamy soils for wheat (210.6 mm and 147.4 mm), barley (176.6 mm and 123.6 mm), citrus (204.5 mm and 143.2 mm), and maize (163.9 mm and 114.7 mm), but not for rice. This topology demonstrates that wheat has 4, barley has 4, citrus has 12, maize has 4, and rice crop has 12 irrigation schedules in a year.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8552547 |
| spellingShingle | Waseem Asghar Khan Jamshaid Ul Rahman Mogtaba Mohammed Ziyad Ali AlHussain Murtada K. Elbashir Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method |
| title_full | Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method |
| title_fullStr | Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method |
| title_short | Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method |
| title_sort | topological sustainability of crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling of some main crops based on the penman monteith method |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8552547 |
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