The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward Immunotherapy
Until recently cancer medical therapy was limited to chemotherapy that could not differentiate cancer cells from normal cells. More recently with the remarkable mushroom of immunology, newer tools became available, resulting in the novel possibility to attack cancer with the specificity of the immun...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/894704 |
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| _version_ | 1832562750420680704 |
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| author | F. Pandolfi R. Cianci D. Pagliari F. Casciano C. Bagalà A. Astone R. Landolfi C. Barone |
| author_facet | F. Pandolfi R. Cianci D. Pagliari F. Casciano C. Bagalà A. Astone R. Landolfi C. Barone |
| author_sort | F. Pandolfi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Until recently cancer medical therapy was limited to chemotherapy that could not differentiate cancer cells from normal cells. More recently with the remarkable mushroom of immunology, newer tools became available, resulting in the novel possibility to attack cancer with the specificity of the immune system. Herein we will review some of the recent achievement of immunotherapy in such aggressive cancers as melanoma, prostatic cancer, colorectal carcinoma, and hematologic malignancies.
Immunotherapy of tumors has developed several techniques: immune cell transfer, vaccines, immunobiological molecules such as monoclonal antibodies that improve the immune responses to tumors. This can be achieved by blocking pathways limiting the immune response, such as CTLA-4 or Tregs. Immunotherapy may also use cytokines especially proinflammatory cytokines to enhance the activity of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) derived from tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The role of newly discovered cytokines remains to be investigated. Alternatively, an other mechanism consists in enhancing the expression of TAAs on tumor cells. Finally, monoclonal antibodies may be used to target oncogenes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-952eb394bcbe4a7cba7f3d5d252435e9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1740-2522 1740-2530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-952eb394bcbe4a7cba7f3d5d252435e92025-02-03T01:21:53ZengWileyClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302011-01-01201110.1155/2011/894704894704The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward ImmunotherapyF. Pandolfi0R. Cianci1D. Pagliari2F. Casciano3C. Bagalà4A. Astone5R. Landolfi6C. Barone7Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, ItalyUntil recently cancer medical therapy was limited to chemotherapy that could not differentiate cancer cells from normal cells. More recently with the remarkable mushroom of immunology, newer tools became available, resulting in the novel possibility to attack cancer with the specificity of the immune system. Herein we will review some of the recent achievement of immunotherapy in such aggressive cancers as melanoma, prostatic cancer, colorectal carcinoma, and hematologic malignancies. Immunotherapy of tumors has developed several techniques: immune cell transfer, vaccines, immunobiological molecules such as monoclonal antibodies that improve the immune responses to tumors. This can be achieved by blocking pathways limiting the immune response, such as CTLA-4 or Tregs. Immunotherapy may also use cytokines especially proinflammatory cytokines to enhance the activity of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) derived from tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The role of newly discovered cytokines remains to be investigated. Alternatively, an other mechanism consists in enhancing the expression of TAAs on tumor cells. Finally, monoclonal antibodies may be used to target oncogenes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/894704 |
| spellingShingle | F. Pandolfi R. Cianci D. Pagliari F. Casciano C. Bagalà A. Astone R. Landolfi C. Barone The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward Immunotherapy Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| title | The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward Immunotherapy |
| title_full | The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward Immunotherapy |
| title_short | The Immune Response to Tumors as a Tool toward Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | immune response to tumors as a tool toward immunotherapy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/894704 |
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