Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied Qualities
Freezing saline water irrigation is an effective technique for leaching soil salts. However, the coupling effects between initial salinity, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and freezing temperature of saline water have not been systematically studied. Therefore, a three-factor and five-level quadratic...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| author | Xinyu Feng Xue Ding Jiale Yuan Wanli Xu Jiao Liu |
| author_facet | Xinyu Feng Xue Ding Jiale Yuan Wanli Xu Jiao Liu |
| author_sort | Xinyu Feng |
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| description | Freezing saline water irrigation is an effective technique for leaching soil salts. However, the coupling effects between initial salinity, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and freezing temperature of saline water have not been systematically studied. Therefore, a three-factor and five-level quadratic general rotation combination design was adopted, employing indoor simulated freeze–thaw experiments to investigate the influence of these three factors on the freshwater production ratio. The results indicated the following: (1) Within the range of the set experimental factor levels, the freshwater production ratio after the freezing of saline water ranged from 23.34% to 81.11%. (2) The significant negative effect of the main factor on the freshwater production ratio was descending order: initial salinity > freezing temperature. Although the impact of saline water SAR on the freshwater production ratio is insignificant, the interaction between saline water SAR and the freezing temperature has a highly significant negative effect on the freshwater production ratio. (3) At least 83% of the salt content was leached out in the first 16 h when the ice was thawed at 6 °C. These findings are beneficial for selecting appropriate irrigation times based on irrigation water quality in the actual field application of saline water freezing irrigation, with the aim of more efficiently reducing soil salt content. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-9472f3b03c1d4930aed33c19574f787c2025-01-24T13:16:26ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-12-011513310.3390/agronomy15010033Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied QualitiesXinyu Feng0Xue Ding1Jiale Yuan2Wanli Xu3Jiao Liu4College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, ChinaInstitute of Soil Fertiliser and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Saline and Alkaline Land Improvement and Utilisation (Arid and Semi-Arid Zone Saline and Alkaline Land), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, ChinaInstitute of Soil Fertiliser and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Saline and Alkaline Land Improvement and Utilisation (Arid and Semi-Arid Zone Saline and Alkaline Land), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, ChinaInstitute of Soil Fertiliser and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Saline and Alkaline Land Improvement and Utilisation (Arid and Semi-Arid Zone Saline and Alkaline Land), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, ChinaFreezing saline water irrigation is an effective technique for leaching soil salts. However, the coupling effects between initial salinity, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and freezing temperature of saline water have not been systematically studied. Therefore, a three-factor and five-level quadratic general rotation combination design was adopted, employing indoor simulated freeze–thaw experiments to investigate the influence of these three factors on the freshwater production ratio. The results indicated the following: (1) Within the range of the set experimental factor levels, the freshwater production ratio after the freezing of saline water ranged from 23.34% to 81.11%. (2) The significant negative effect of the main factor on the freshwater production ratio was descending order: initial salinity > freezing temperature. Although the impact of saline water SAR on the freshwater production ratio is insignificant, the interaction between saline water SAR and the freezing temperature has a highly significant negative effect on the freshwater production ratio. (3) At least 83% of the salt content was leached out in the first 16 h when the ice was thawed at 6 °C. These findings are beneficial for selecting appropriate irrigation times based on irrigation water quality in the actual field application of saline water freezing irrigation, with the aim of more efficiently reducing soil salt content.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/33freezing saline water irrigationsalinitysodium adsorption ratiofreezing temperaturesfreshwater production ratio |
| spellingShingle | Xinyu Feng Xue Ding Jiale Yuan Wanli Xu Jiao Liu Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied Qualities Agronomy freezing saline water irrigation salinity sodium adsorption ratio freezing temperatures freshwater production ratio |
| title | Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied Qualities |
| title_full | Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied Qualities |
| title_fullStr | Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied Qualities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied Qualities |
| title_short | Optimization Study on the Freshwater Production Ratio from the Freezing and Thawing Process of Saline Water with Varied Qualities |
| title_sort | optimization study on the freshwater production ratio from the freezing and thawing process of saline water with varied qualities |
| topic | freezing saline water irrigation salinity sodium adsorption ratio freezing temperatures freshwater production ratio |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/33 |
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