Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature review
Abstract Background Diprosopus is one of the rarest anomalies. It typically manifests as bilateral alterations and often involves anomalies within the cranial structures. In this report, we present a case of a fetus with diprosopus diagnosed prenatally. Along with reviewing relevant literature on pr...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07168-0 |
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| author | Qiao Zhou Enbo Sha Qian Ding Chunli Jing |
| author_facet | Qiao Zhou Enbo Sha Qian Ding Chunli Jing |
| author_sort | Qiao Zhou |
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| description | Abstract Background Diprosopus is one of the rarest anomalies. It typically manifests as bilateral alterations and often involves anomalies within the cranial structures. In this report, we present a case of a fetus with diprosopus diagnosed prenatally. Along with reviewing relevant literature on prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of diprosopus, we aim to raise awareness of its ultrasound characteristics. Case presentation We report a case of craniofacial and intracranial abnormalities detected during a 26-week ultrasound examination. Two-dimensional ultrasound (2D ultrasound) demonstrates significant increases in head circumference, widening of the interocular distance, and abnormal echo patterns in the facial structure. Three-dimensional ultrasound (3D ultrasound) revealed the presence of three eye sockets (the lateral eye sockets contained eyeballs, while the central region exhibited fusion without visible eyeballs), two noses, and two mouths, with no abnormalities observed in other areas. The ultrasound findings suggested diprosopus. Following risk counseling at the prenatal diagnosis center, the pregnant woman decided to induce labor. The newborn passed away thirty minutes after delivery. The facial features of the newborn were consistent with the 3D ultrasound imaging, and the appearance of the trunk and limbs was normal. Both CT and MRI scans confirmed the diagnosis of diprosopus. Conclusion The prenatal 2D ultrasound revealed intracranial and facial abnormalities in the fetus. 3D ultrasound imaging clearly displayed the facial duplication anomalies, highlighting the advantages of 3D ultrasound in diagnosing diprosopus. We hope to raise awareness of this rare condition and provide insights into prenatal ultrasound diagnosis through this case. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9467bcd6913f48638dc61456ddab2ab7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2393 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| spelling | doaj-art-9467bcd6913f48638dc61456ddab2ab72025-01-26T12:57:00ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932025-01-012511810.1186/s12884-025-07168-0Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature reviewQiao Zhou0Enbo Sha1Qian Ding2Chunli Jing3Department of Obstetric and Gynecological Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetric and Gynecological Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetric and Gynecological Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetric and Gynecological Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityAbstract Background Diprosopus is one of the rarest anomalies. It typically manifests as bilateral alterations and often involves anomalies within the cranial structures. In this report, we present a case of a fetus with diprosopus diagnosed prenatally. Along with reviewing relevant literature on prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of diprosopus, we aim to raise awareness of its ultrasound characteristics. Case presentation We report a case of craniofacial and intracranial abnormalities detected during a 26-week ultrasound examination. Two-dimensional ultrasound (2D ultrasound) demonstrates significant increases in head circumference, widening of the interocular distance, and abnormal echo patterns in the facial structure. Three-dimensional ultrasound (3D ultrasound) revealed the presence of three eye sockets (the lateral eye sockets contained eyeballs, while the central region exhibited fusion without visible eyeballs), two noses, and two mouths, with no abnormalities observed in other areas. The ultrasound findings suggested diprosopus. Following risk counseling at the prenatal diagnosis center, the pregnant woman decided to induce labor. The newborn passed away thirty minutes after delivery. The facial features of the newborn were consistent with the 3D ultrasound imaging, and the appearance of the trunk and limbs was normal. Both CT and MRI scans confirmed the diagnosis of diprosopus. Conclusion The prenatal 2D ultrasound revealed intracranial and facial abnormalities in the fetus. 3D ultrasound imaging clearly displayed the facial duplication anomalies, highlighting the advantages of 3D ultrasound in diagnosing diprosopus. We hope to raise awareness of this rare condition and provide insights into prenatal ultrasound diagnosis through this case.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07168-0DiprosopusPrenatal ultrasound examinationThree-dimensional ultrasound imagingCase report |
| spellingShingle | Qiao Zhou Enbo Sha Qian Ding Chunli Jing Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature review BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Diprosopus Prenatal ultrasound examination Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging Case report |
| title | Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature review |
| title_full | Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature review |
| title_fullStr | Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature review |
| title_short | Three-dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus: a case report and literature review |
| title_sort | three dimensional sonographic findings of diprosopus a case report and literature review |
| topic | Diprosopus Prenatal ultrasound examination Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging Case report |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07168-0 |
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