Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity Conditions
Low-salinity conditions are generally used in land-based cultivation to promote the germination and growth of <i>Zostera marina</i> L. and to improve the restoration effect of seagrass beds. Different salinity conditions lead to morphological and physiological differences. To investigate...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Peilong Li Yaping Gao Zengjie Jiang Linjie Wang Xiaoli Sun Jiaqi Wang Jing Wang Haidong Sui Junwei Wang Yitao Zhang |
| author_facet | Peilong Li Yaping Gao Zengjie Jiang Linjie Wang Xiaoli Sun Jiaqi Wang Jing Wang Haidong Sui Junwei Wang Yitao Zhang |
| author_sort | Peilong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low-salinity conditions are generally used in land-based cultivation to promote the germination and growth of <i>Zostera marina</i> L. and to improve the restoration effect of seagrass beds. Different salinity conditions lead to morphological and physiological differences. To investigate the impacts of salinity and osmotic pressure on the germination and early development of <i>Zostera marina</i> seeds, this study utilized seawater with different salinity conditions and PEG-6000 solutions to simulate various non-ionic osmotic pressures and examine the germination, cotyledon growth, and leaf differentiation over 28 days, as well as determine the biochemical traits on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. The results show that the cumulative germination rate in LS-0 was 91.6%, but it was not significantly affected by the PEG solutions. The different salinities (5, 10, and 15) had no significant effect on the germination rate, which ranged from 76.4% to 78.8%: low salinity and low osmotic pressure stimulated the germination by accelerating the water uptake through increased osmotic pressure differences. The leaf differentiation was regulated by the osmotic pressure and salinity. In LS-10, the most used condition, the leaf differentiation rate was 35.2%, while PEG-10 displayed 6.4%. The total soluble sugar and soluble protein in the seeds decreased. Antioxidant enzyme activities were activated under low-salinity conditions, which supported germination within a tolerable oxidative stress range. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-93f47debc4044b1ea8759a8ee6af8a122025-01-24T13:46:57ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114225410.3390/plants14020254Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity ConditionsPeilong Li0Yaping Gao1Zengjie Jiang2Linjie Wang3Xiaoli Sun4Jiaqi Wang5Jing Wang6Haidong Sui7Junwei Wang8Yitao Zhang9State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaSEE Foundation, Beijing 100038, ChinaSEE Foundation, Beijing 100038, ChinaRongcheng Chudao Aquaculture Co., Ltd., Rongcheng 264312, ChinaRongcheng Chudao Aquaculture Co., Ltd., Rongcheng 264312, ChinaLow-salinity conditions are generally used in land-based cultivation to promote the germination and growth of <i>Zostera marina</i> L. and to improve the restoration effect of seagrass beds. Different salinity conditions lead to morphological and physiological differences. To investigate the impacts of salinity and osmotic pressure on the germination and early development of <i>Zostera marina</i> seeds, this study utilized seawater with different salinity conditions and PEG-6000 solutions to simulate various non-ionic osmotic pressures and examine the germination, cotyledon growth, and leaf differentiation over 28 days, as well as determine the biochemical traits on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. The results show that the cumulative germination rate in LS-0 was 91.6%, but it was not significantly affected by the PEG solutions. The different salinities (5, 10, and 15) had no significant effect on the germination rate, which ranged from 76.4% to 78.8%: low salinity and low osmotic pressure stimulated the germination by accelerating the water uptake through increased osmotic pressure differences. The leaf differentiation was regulated by the osmotic pressure and salinity. In LS-10, the most used condition, the leaf differentiation rate was 35.2%, while PEG-10 displayed 6.4%. The total soluble sugar and soluble protein in the seeds decreased. Antioxidant enzyme activities were activated under low-salinity conditions, which supported germination within a tolerable oxidative stress range.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/254germinationleaf differentiationosmotic pressurebiochemical traitsantioxidant enzymes |
| spellingShingle | Peilong Li Yaping Gao Zengjie Jiang Linjie Wang Xiaoli Sun Jiaqi Wang Jing Wang Haidong Sui Junwei Wang Yitao Zhang Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity Conditions Plants germination leaf differentiation osmotic pressure biochemical traits antioxidant enzymes |
| title | Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity Conditions |
| title_full | Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity Conditions |
| title_short | Dual Regulation of Ionic Effect on <i>Zostera marina</i> L. Seed Germination and Leaf Differentiation in Low-Salinity Conditions |
| title_sort | dual regulation of ionic effect on i zostera marina i l seed germination and leaf differentiation in low salinity conditions |
| topic | germination leaf differentiation osmotic pressure biochemical traits antioxidant enzymes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/254 |
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